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Nuovi farmaci ipolipemizzanti: anticorpi monoclonali inibitori di PCSK9

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Le dislipidemie sono condizioni cliniche nelle quali sono presenti alterazioni qualitative e/o quantitative dei lipidi e delle lipoproteine plasmatiche. Tra tutte le componenti lipidiche presenti nel circolo ematico, le lipoproteine contenenti apoB come le lipoproteine a bassa densità (low density lipoprotein, LDL) rivestono un ruolo centrale nel processo di aterosclerosi. Nonostante l’efficacia della terapia statinica e delle altre terapie ipolipemizzanti disponibili, le malattie cardiovascolari rappresentano ancora oggi la principale causa di morbilità e mortalità nella popolazione mondiale. Per tale motivo, sono necessarie ulteriori strategie terapeutiche per contrastare lo sviluppo e la progressione delle malattie cardiovascolari. Per quanto riguarda le nuove strategie terapeutiche, gli inibitori della proproteina convertasi subtilisina/kexina tipo 9 (proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9, PCSK9) legano e inibiscono specificamente la PCSK9 circolante, bloccando così la degradazione di LDLR e aumentandone l’espressione sulla superficie cellulare degli epatociti. Tali farmaci mostrano una notevole efficacia nel ridurre i livelli plasmatici di colesterolo LDL e trovano un ragionevole impiego sia nei soggetti in prevenzione secondaria già in trattamento statinico o intolleranti alle statine che negli individui in prevenzione primaria ma ad elevato rischio cardiovascolare come i soggetti con ipercolesterolemia familiare o diabete mellito.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Ospedale Garibaldi-Nesima, Università degli Studi di Catania, Catania, Italia

    Roberto Scicali, Antonino Di Pino, Salvatore Piro, Agata Maria Rabuazzo & Francesco Purrello

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  1. Roberto Scicali
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  2. Antonino Di Pino
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  3. Salvatore Piro
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  4. Agata Maria Rabuazzo
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  5. Francesco Purrello
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Francesco Purrello.

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Conflitto di interessi

Gli autori Roberto Scicali, Antonino Di Pino, Salvatore Piro, Agata Maria Rabuazzo e Francesco Purrello dichiarano di non avere conflitti di interessi.

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Lo studio presentato in questo articolo non ha richiesto sperimentazione umana.

Studi sugli animali

Gli autori di questo articolo non hanno eseguito studi sugli animali.

Additional information

Proposta da: Francesca Pecori Giraldi.

Materiale elettronico supplementare

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Scicali, R., Di Pino, A., Piro, S. et al. Nuovi farmaci ipolipemizzanti: anticorpi monoclonali inibitori di PCSK9. L'Endocrinologo 20, 148–152 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40619-019-00575-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40619-019-00575-4

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