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A Systematic Review of the Interplay Between Social Determinants and Environmental Exposures for Early-Life Outcomes

Current Environmental Health Reports volume 3, pages 287–301 (2016)Cite this article

Abstract

Purpose of review

Early-life social and environmental exposures have independent effects on many child health outcomes. Increasingly, investigators have suggested that these exposures, which commonly co-occur, may have synergistic effects and have thus begun to evaluate if environmental and social factors jointly contribute to child health. This systematic review summarizes findings and methodological approaches across studies examining the interplay between environmental and social exposures in relation to commonly assessed childhood health outcomes: asthma, cognition and behavior, perinatal outcomes, and obesity.

Recent findings

Forty-one studies met the search criteria and were reviewed. Of these, 37, 34, and 29 % of studies focused on asthma, cognition/behavior, and perinatal outcomes, respectively. No study focused on obesity. Across all studies reviewed, 72 % observed significant synergistic associations between social and environmental exposures. Air pollution was the most frequently studied environmental exposure, and socioeconomic status was the most commonly studied social factor.

Summary

The emerging evidence suggests that social and environmental risks may jointly affect child health. Recommendations for future research are discussed, including enhancing characterization of the social environment and broadening the types of environmental risks assessed.

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Acknowledgments

Dr. Appleton is supported by a JPB Environmental Health Fellowship award granted by The JPB Foundation and managed by the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University at Albany School of Public Health, 1 University Place, Rensselaer, NY, 12144, USA

    Allison A. Appleton

  2. Department of Anthropology, University at Albany College of Arts and Sciences, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY, 12222, USA

    Elizabeth A. Holdsworth

  3. Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA

    Laura D. Kubzansky

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  1. Allison A. Appleton
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  2. Elizabeth A. Holdsworth
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  3. Laura D. Kubzansky
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Correspondence to Allison A. Appleton.

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This article is part of the Topical Collection on Early Life Environmental Health

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Appleton, A.A., Holdsworth, E.A. & Kubzansky, L.D. A Systematic Review of the Interplay Between Social Determinants and Environmental Exposures for Early-Life Outcomes. Curr Envir Health Rpt 3, 287–301 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40572-016-0099-7

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Keywords

  • Child health
  • Social determinants
  • Environmental exposures