Abstract
In order to accurately predict the mechanical behaviour of paste during forming process, the friction law between the carbon paste and the mould wall is an important parameter to be determined. This paper presents the tribological behaviour of the lubricated paste/steel interface subjected to high stress conditions at the anode forming temperature of 150 °C. A method to characterize the tribological behaviour has been developed and an apparatus was built. The method is based on the comparison of two successive experiments. In the first experiment, the paste is in contact with the friction plate. In the second one, a layer of Teflon is placed under the paste in order to excite another parameter thereby allowing the identification of the friction coefficient between the paste and steel wall. These experiments were performed with a paste under different normal loads. The static and kinetic friction coefficients of the Teflon/steel, steel/steel and paste/steel interfaces have been estimated. The static and kinetic friction coefficients of the Teflon/steel are respectively 0.17 and 0.13. The steel/steel friction coefficients were evaluated twice which gave a static coefficient that varies between 0.22 and 0.30. The kinetic coefficient varies between 0.18 and 0.25. The static and kinetic paste/steel friction coefficients obtained from both experiments are clearly similar. Their values are 0.15 and 0.13 respectively.
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Stéphane THIBODEAU. He is a PhD candidate at the Civil and Water Engineering Department, Université Laval, Canada. His PhD research focuses on the modeling of the carbon paste forming process under the supervision of Dr. Mario Fafard, Dr. Houshang Alamdari and Dr. Donald Ziegler. He obtained a Technical degree in Engineering Physics at La Pocatière College, Canada. He pursued his bachelor degree from the Department of Physic Engineering (2006) and his master degree from Department of Mining, Metallurgy and materials Engineering (2009), Université Laval, Canada.
Houshang ALAMDARI. He received his MS degree in 1996 and PhD degree in 2000 from Université Laval, Canada. He pursued his research activities at Hydro-Québec research institute, Canada on synthesis of nanocrystalline materials for hydrogen storage. He held the process director position at Nanox Inc, Canada and was involved in development and scale up of a production process for nanostructured perovskite-type materials for automotive catalysts. In 2006, he joined Laval University as professor at Department of Mining, Metallurgy and materials Engineering, Université Laval, Canada. He is currently director of REGAL-Laval research center where his research activities are focused on aluminium production process.
Donald ZIEGLER. He is program manager for Modeling of Alcoa Primary Metals. Having completed his Ph.D at the University of California, Berkeley and a post-doc at MADYLAM in Grenoble, he has been with Alcoa for 27 years. His research interests were initially in modeling of MHD phenomena in Hall cells, but he is increasingly involved in modeling applications in Hall cell structures and anode forming.
Mario FAFARD. He is a professor at Université Laval since 1987. He is the holder of the NSERC/Alcoa Industrial Research Chair at the Civil and Water Engineering Department. His main research interests are in the areas of advanced numerical modeling of aluminium cell, and thermomechanical testing on refractory materials at high temperature.
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Thibodeau, S., Alamdari, H.D., Ziegler, D.P. et al. Tribological behaviour of the green anode paste with a steel plate at 150 °C. Friction 2, 272–286 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40544-014-0051-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40544-014-0051-5