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Chronic Rhinosinusitis in Pediatric Immunodeficiency

  • Pediatric Allergy (JT Lee, Section Editor)
  • Published:
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Abstract

Purpose of Review

Chronic rhinosinusitis and other sinopulmonary infections can be a hallmark of impaired immunity in children. Rhinosinusitis in the setting of immunodeficiency can often be chronic and refractory, and involve opportunistic pathogens. We review the evaluation and management of pediatric chronic rhinosinusitis in the context of primary immunodeficiency diseases.

Recent Findings

Immunodeficiencies found to be associated with chronic rhinosinusitis include common variable immune deficiency, X-linked agammaglobulinemia, antibody deficiencies, hyper-IgM syndrome, hyper-IgE syndrome, Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome, activated PI3K disease, DiGeorge syndrome, and chronic granulomatous disease.

Summary

Chronic rhinosinusitis in children may be a clinical manifestation of immunodeficiency. The evaluation and diagnosis of immunodeficiencies are essential for initiating appropriate therapeutic strategies, including antibiotics, prophylaxis, topical therapy, surgery, and immunoglobulin replacement.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Immunology, Allergy, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA

    Monica Tsai MD, Maria I. Garcia-Lloret MD & Manish J. Butte MD, PhD

  2. Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA

    Alex Wonnaparhown MD

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  1. Monica Tsai MD
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Correspondence to Monica Tsai MD.

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Monica Tsai declares that she has no conflict of interest. Alex Wonnaparhown declares that he has no conflict of interest. Maria Garcia-Lloret declares that she has no conflict of interest. Manish Butte declares that he has no conflict of interest.

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Tsai, M., Wonnaparhown, A., Garcia-Lloret, M.I. et al. Chronic Rhinosinusitis in Pediatric Immunodeficiency. Curr Treat Options Allergy 7, 219–232 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40521-019-00230-1

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