Abstract
Objective
We sought to investigate the effects of gastrointestinal nutrition therapy on gastrointestinal microbial digestion and barrier defense markers in elderly patients with diabetes.
Methods
A total of 120 elderly patients with type 2 diabetes were enrolled at our hospital between January 2020 and December 2022. The participants in this study were randomly allocated into either the nutritional group (n = 60) who underwent gastrointestinal nutrition therapy or the control group (n = 60) who underwent conventional T2DM diet management for a period of 12 weeks. Clinical data, as well as small intestinal permeability measured by the lactulose-mannitol urine test, plasma circulating IL-6 and zonulin levels measured by ELISA, and expressions of ZO-1 and Claudin-3 in blood analyzed through Western blotting were collected.
Results
The nutrition group demonstrated a higher proportion of patients achieving HbA1c < 7% compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Moreover, the nutrition group exhibited a greater reduction in fasting and postprandial blood glucose levels compared to the control group (P < 0.05). The concentrations of formate-tetrahydrofolate ligase and acetic CoA transferase were significantly increased in the nutrition group compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Fecal analysis revealed higher levels of acetic acid and butyric acid in the nutrition group compared to the control group (P < 0.05). The ratio of lactulose to mannitol was higher in the nutrition group compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the nutrition group showed lower levels of IL-6 and zonulin compared to the control group (P < 0.05).
Conclusion
Personalized gastrointestinal nutrition therapy was found to enhance the production of short-chain fatty acids and preserve intestinal permeability, leading to improved gastrointestinal microbial digestion and barrier defense in elderly patients with diabetes.
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Data availability
The datasets generated and analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
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The research scheme conforms to the principles of Helsinki Declaration and was approved by the Ethics Committee of The First Hospital of Jilin University (No.200034).
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All participants provided informed consent before being included in the study.
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The study was performed in accordance with the Helsinki II declaration.
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Mu, J., Jin, H. & Wu, H. Effects of nutritional therapy on gastrointestinal microbial digestion and barrier defense markers in elderly patients with diabetes. Aging Clin Exp Res 35, 2667–2674 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40520-023-02518-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40520-023-02518-4