Table 1 Basic statistics by weight status
From: Association of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) with obesity and underweight in children
Full sample | zBMI, mean (SD) | Underweight | Overweight | Obesity | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age, mean (SD) | 8.98 (1.30) | 8.95 (1.30) | 9.11 (1.27) | 8.98 (1.31) | |
Sex, n (%) | |||||
Boys | 264 (52.49) | 0.40 (1.28) | 22 (8.33) | 45 (17.05) | 12 (4.55) |
Girls | 239 (47.51) | 0.25 (1.13) | 29 (12.13) | 35 (14.64) | 13 (5.44) |
Place of residence n (%) | |||||
Villages | 40 (8.21) | 0.03 (1.18) | 8 (20.00) | 4 (10.00) | 1 (2.50) |
Small and medium size city (10–100 thous. residents) | 60 (12.32) | 0.43 (1.40) | 4 (6.67) | 9 (15.00) | 5 (8.33) |
Large city (> 100 thous. residents) | 387 (79.47) | 0.33 (1.18) | 38 (9.82) | 61 (15.76) | 18 (4.65) |
Parental subjective assessment of economic situation of a family, n (%) | |||||
Bad | 17 (3.50) | 0.70 (1.50) | 1 (5.88) | 3 (17.65) | 2 (11.76) |
Average | 312 (64.20) | 0.34 (1.23) | 32 (10.26) | 53 (16.99) | 16 (5.13) |
Good | 157 (32.30) | 0.23 (1.17) | 18 (11.46) | 19 (12.10) | 7 (4.46) |
People per room, n (%) | |||||
≥ 2 | 100 (20.12) | 0.43 (1.35) | 11 (11.00) | 17 (17.00) | 8 (8.00) |
> 1 and < 2 | 191 (38.43) | 0.30 (1.25) | 20 (10.47) | 34 (17.80) | 11 (5.67) |
≤ 1 | 206 (41.45) | 0.28 (1.11) | 20 (9.71) | 26 (12.62) | 6 (2.91) |
Education of mother, n (%) | |||||
Primary | 4 (0.81) | 0.85 (1.48) | 0 | 1 (25.00) | 1 (25.00) |
Vocational | 48 (9.68) | 0.97 (1.49) | 2 (4.17) | 11 (22.92) | 9 (18.75) |
Secondary | 120 (24.19) | 0.45 (1.41) | 14 (11.67) | 22 (18.22) | 10 (8.33) |
Higher | 324 (65.32) | 0.20 (1.05) | 33 (10.19) | 46 (14.20) | 5 (1.54) |
Education of father, n (%) | |||||
Primary | 15 (3.13) | 0.70 (1.46) | 1 (6.67) | 2 (13.33) | 2 (13.33) |
Vocational | 92 (19.17) | 0.77 (1.29) | 5 (5.43) | 28 (30.43) | 8 (8.70) |
Secondary | 137 (28.54) | 0.44 (1.24) | 11 (8.03) | 21 (15.33) | 9 (6.57) |
Higher | 236 (48.17) | 0.11 (1.05) | 29 (12.29) | 27 (11.44) | 4 (1.69) |
ACE, n (%) | |||||
0 | 264 (52.49) | 0.30 (1.06) | 17 (6.44) | 42 (15.91) | 5 (1.89) |
At least 1 type | 239 (47.51) | 0.36 (1.37) | 34 (14.23) | 38 (15.90) | 20 (8.37) |
ACE score, n (%) | |||||
1 | 120 (23.86) | 0.45 (1.31) | 16 (13.33) | 19 (15.83) | 11 (9.17) |
2 | 64 (12.72) | 0.36 (1.57) | 12 (18.75) | 9 (14.06) | 8 (12.50) |
3 | 25 (4.97) | 0.22 (1.15) | 3 (12.00) | 5 (20.00) | 0 |
4 | 19 (3.78) | 0.31 (1.26) | 2 (10.53) | 4 (21.05) | 0 |
5 | 6 (0.80) | 0.42 (1.46) | 0 | 1 (15.67) | 1 (16.67) |
6 | 4 (0.80) | − 0.88 (1.43) | 1 (25.00) | 0 | 0 |
7 | 1 (0.20) | − 0.48 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
8 | 0 | – | – | – | |
Type of ACE | |||||
Life/health threat | 43 (8.55) | 0.11 (1.21) | 6 (13.95) | 5 (11.62) | 2 (4.65) |
Life/health threat witness | 38 (7.55) | 0.51 (0.97) | 1 (2.63) | 4 (10.53) | 2 (5.26) |
Violence victim | 45 (8.95) | 0.11 (1.51) | 8 (17.78) | 5 (11.11) | 4 (8.89) |
Violence witness | 35 (6.99) | 0.30 (1.38) | 3 (8.57) | 7 (20.00) | 2 (5.71) |
Death of someone close | 92 (18.33) | 0.26 (1.30) | 12 (13.04) | 13 (14.13) | 5 (5.43) |
Stressful family problems | 90 (17.93) | 0.33 (1.43) | 14 (15.56) | 14 (15.56) | 9 (10.00) |
Long separation from parents | 69 (13.77) | 0.27 (1.43) | 11 (15.94) | 11 (15.94) | 6 (8.70) |
Other unspecified | 24 (4.87) | 0.34 (1.52) | 4 (16.67) | 7 (29.17) | 1 (4.17) |
N (% of full sample) | 503 | 51 (10.14) | 80 (15.91) | 25 (4.97) |