Abstract
Objective
Diabetes is a common chronic disease with many complications. Controlling these complexities may enhance the quality of life. This study was conducted to investigate the association between diet quality indices and sleep, stress, anxiety, and depression among diabetic women.
Design
Cross-sectional study.
Setting
A validated and reliable food frequency questionnaire was filled to assess the dietary intake and adherence to the diet quality indices. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and 21 items Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale were used to assess the sleep and mental disorders, respectively.
Participants
This study was conducted on 230 Tehrani women with type 2 diabetes.
Results
Patients who were in the top tertile of diet quality index consumed less fat, saturated mono-and poly-unsaturated fatty acids, and sodium (P < 0.05). Participants who were in top tertile of diet quality indices consumed more fruits, and vegetables. Patients in the highest tertile of diet quality index-international had less risk of depression (OR: 0.17; 95% CI: 0.07; 0.41), anxiety (OR: 0.36; 95% CI: 0.16; 0.80), stress (OR: 0.09; 95% CI: 0.04; 0.21), and poor sleep (OR: 0.12; 95% CI: 0.04; 0.36). Patients in the highest tertile of healthy eating index-international had less risk of depression (OR: 0.06; 95% CI: 0.02; 0.21), anxiety (OR: 0.10; 95% CI: 0.04; 0.26), stress (OR: 0.11; 95% CI: 0.05; 0.26), and poor sleep (OR: 0.08; 95% CI: 0.03; 0.20).
Conclusion
Patients with higher adherence to diet quality indices were likely less to have mental disorders or poor sleep.
Level of evidence
Level V: based on descriptive studies (a Cross-sectional study).
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Acknowledgements
We would like to express our thankfulness to Dr. Nasli, secretary of the Diabetes Research Center of Tehran University of Medical Sciences, and all staff in this center in Tehran, Iran.
Funding
This study is supported by the Tehran University of Medical Sciences (grant number: 34260).
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LA provided the idea of this study. ED, BL and LA designed this study. LA supervised the study. ED conducted the study and performed the statistical analyses. ED, MM, JH and TR prepared a first draft of the manuscript, and LA finalized it. ABP and BL read the manuscript and commented on it.
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This study was conducted according to the guidelines laid down in the Declaration of Helsinki and all procedures involving research study participants were approved by the ethical committee of the Tehran University of Medical Sciences.
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Written informed consent was obtained from all patients.
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Daneshzad, E., Mansordehghan, M., Larijani, B. et al. Diet quality indices are associated with sleep and mental health status among diabetic women: a cross-sectional study. Eat Weight Disord 27, 1513–1521 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40519-021-01294-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40519-021-01294-2