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Validation of the Portuguese version of the Clinical Impairment Assessment (CIA) in eating disorders’ patients

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of the study was to assess the psychometric properties of the Portuguese version of the Clinical Impairment Assessment (CIA) in eating disorders (ED) patients.

Method

The CIA is a 16-item brief self-reported instrument developed to assess psychosocial impairment secondary to EDs. The CIA was administered to a clinical sample of 237 women with EDs and a college sample of 196 women. The clinical sample completed the Eating Disorders Examination Questionnaire, the Beck Depression Inventory and the Outcome-45 Questionnaire. Reliability, confirmatory factor analysis, validity, and clinically significant change were calculated.

Results

Confirmatory factor analysis validated the original 3-factor structure showing an adequate model fit. CIA showed good psychometric properties with high internal consistency, good convergent validity with the EDE-Q, the OQ-45, and the BDI. For divergent validity, participants CIA scores in the clinical sample were significantly higher than in the non-clinical sample. ROC curve analysis provided a cutoff of 15. For known-groups validity participants’ scoring above CIA cutoff reported significantly higher CIA scores. In addition, non-underweight participants and participants reporting the presence of dysfunctional ED behaviors had significantly higher CIA scores. Finally, for clinically significant change, a reliable change index of 5 points was obtained to consider a reliable change in the CIA global score.

Conclusions

Our findings support the validity and clinical utility of the CIA as a good self-report measure to be used in both clinical and research settings.

Level of evidence

Level V. Cross-sectional descriptive study.

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Acknowledgements

The authors wish to acknowledge Prof. Daniel Sampaio and Dr. António Neves from Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisboa and Prof. Isabel Brandão from Hospital of São João, Porto for their help in reaching participants for this study.

Funding

This research was partially supported by Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia/Foundation for Science and Technology through a European Union COMPETE program through a grant to a post-doctoral scholarship to Ana Vaz (SFRH/BPD/94490/2013), a Grant to Eva Conceição (IF/01219/2014) and a doctoral scholarship to Ana Pinto-Bastos (SFRH/BD/104159/2014) and financed by FEDER under the PT2020 Partnership Agreement (UID/PSI/01662/2013). The funding body had no role in the design, collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; the writing of the manuscript; or the decision to submit the manuscript for publication.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Psychotherapy and Psychopathology Research Unit–CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710, Braga, Portugal

    Ana R. Vaz, Eva Conceição, Ana Pinto-Bastos, Daniela Silva & Paulo P. P. Machado

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  1. Ana R. Vaz
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  2. Eva Conceição
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Correspondence to Ana R. Vaz.

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“This study was authorized and approved by the University of Minho Ethics Commission—Subcommittee of Ethics for Social and Human Sciences and all the procedures performed in the current study were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments”.

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Vaz, A.R., Conceição, E., Pinto-Bastos, A. et al. Validation of the Portuguese version of the Clinical Impairment Assessment (CIA) in eating disorders’ patients. Eat Weight Disord 25, 627–635 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40519-019-00661-4

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