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Unhealthy lifestyle and oxidative damage in childhood obesity

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Abstract

Purpose

Oxidized LDL cholesterol (oxLDL) has been considered as a sensor of oxidative stress (OS) in childhood obesity. We integrated and related our oxLDL existing results previously assessed in overweight/obese children to lifestyle variables to investigate OS-related lifestyle variables.

Methods

178 Caucasian children/adolescents have been evaluated and according to BMI percentiles have been classified as normal weight (BMI < 75th); overweight (BMI 75–97th) and obese (BMI > 97th). Serum oxLDL levels have been measured. The dietary habits and physical activity have been also assessed.

Results

No differences between normal weight and overweight/obese children were detected according to the total score of dietary habits section. Normal weight subjects reported a higher total physical activity score (p = 0.001) compared to overweight/ obese children. No correlation between oxLDL and total dietary habits and physical activity scores was noted. Increased oxLDL in subjects drinking < 1 L/day of water (p = 0.022) and in daily consumers of chocolate drinks at breakfast (p = 0.029) was observed, while a decreased oxLDL was reported in subjects consuming a breakfast based mainly on fruits (p = 0.004). Moreover, “high-fat diet” and “always eating a dessert at the end of the meal” were correlated with increased oxLDL with a trend towards significance. As regards physical activity, no correlations were observed.

Conclusions

Diet and physical activity may not have an immediate impact on OS response in children with or without obesity. Unhealthy lifestyle, including increased fat, simple sugar intake, poor water intake, emerged as external exposome predictors of OS, that may be monitored to improve health status.

Level of evidence

Level III, case-control analytic studies.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy

    Rachele De Giuseppe, Matteo Manuelli, Noelia Rodriguez Mier & Hellas Cena

  2. Department of Maternal and Children’s Health, Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, P.le Golgi n.2, 27100, Pavia, Italy

    Valeria Calcaterra & Maria De Filippo

  3. Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy

    Valeria Calcaterra & Maria De Filippo

  4. Institute of Molecular Genetics, National Research Council of Italy, Pavia, Italy

    Ginevra Biino

  5. KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium

    Noelia Rodriguez Mier

  6. Immunology and Transplantation Laboratory/Cell Factory/Pediatric Hematology/Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy

    Melissa Mantelli

  7. Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy

    Gianguido Cossellu

  8. Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics Service, Unit of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, ICS Maugeri IRCCS, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy

    Hellas Cena

Authors
  1. Rachele De Giuseppe
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  2. Valeria Calcaterra
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  3. Ginevra Biino
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  4. Matteo Manuelli
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  5. Noelia Rodriguez Mier
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  6. Melissa Mantelli
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  7. Maria De Filippo
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  8. Gianguido Cossellu
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  9. Hellas Cena
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Valeria Calcaterra.

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Conflict of interest

The funding organization(s) played no role in the study design; in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; or in the decision to submit the report for publication.

Ethical statement

This study was conducted according to the Good Clinical Practice guidelines and was approved by the Human Ethic Committees of Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo of Pavia (Protocol number: 20150005231).

Informed consent

The informed written consent of a parent or legal guardian was required for subjects aged < 18, and the subjects aged ≥ 8 were asked to give their written assent. Patients’ parents and patients > 8 years gave their written consent to data publication. Ethics Committee also approved data publication.

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De Giuseppe, R., Calcaterra, V., Biino, G. et al. Unhealthy lifestyle and oxidative damage in childhood obesity. Eat Weight Disord 25, 481–486 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40519-018-0626-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40519-018-0626-7

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