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Multi-Scale Hierarchical Micro/Nano Surface Structures Induced by high Repetition rate femto-second Laser Pulses on Ti6Al4V in Ambient air

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Abstract

Surface engineered components with micro/nano scale periodic surface structures are having a wide range of industrial applications, owing to their unique tribology enhancing characteristics. Generally, design and development of highly controlled sub micro-scale structures with intricate feature characteristics are highly challenging for the manufacturing industries, especially super alloys like titanium due to its inherent low thermal conductivity and higher chemical reactive property. This forms the major objective of the present research work emphasizing the methodology - hatching technique (dot and line) to create highly controlled micro/nano scale periodic surface structures. The recently widespread femtosecond pulsed laser processing can be an efficient alternative method for the usual industrial practice of generating periodic surface structures. Femtosecond pules hatch pitch was varied from 10 to 50 μm (with 250 pulses per spot), at higher repetition rates and scanning speeds of 200 to 500 kHz and 500 to 2000 mm/s respectively. The periodic surface structures analysed were found to be close to the wavelength (1030 nm) of incident pulsed laser, wherein the micro scale structures (in the range of 6 to 10 μm) were observed to be covered with nano scale structures. Furthermore, generated multiscale surface structures were observed to be having a higher degree of similarity to the Tetrodontophora Bielanensis, a European giant springtail skin structure, which revealed the possibility of achieving the concept of ‘Bio mimicking’ using this approach. Microdots, micro/nano columns, pillars, ripples, and cones are the various types of surface structures reported in the present research work.

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Data Availability

All the other data required for validation is provided in the manuscript itself. The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon request. The data provided upon request will include dataset captured for surface roughness measurements.

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Funding

Authors would like to thank the financial support from Aeronautics Research and Development Board (ARDB), Government of India, Project Number: ARDB/01/2031768/M/I dated 10 August 2015. Also thank different labs at IIT Madras including scanning electron microscope (HRSEM) facilities.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Manufacturing Engineering Section, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, 600 036, Chennai, India

    Munaswamy Murugesh & Samuel GL

  2. Division of Applied Quantum Science and Engineering,, Hokkaido University, 060-8628, Sapporo, Japan

    Munaswamy Murugesh & Koichi Sasaki

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  1. Munaswamy Murugesh
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Contributions

Munaswamy Murugesh: Experiments, Conceptualization, Methodology, Characterization, Analysis and Visualization; Sasaki Koichi : Conceptualization, Visualization, Resources; G. L. Samuel : Conceptualization, Methodology, Supervision, Resources.

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Correspondence to Samuel GL.

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Munaswamy, M., Sasaki, K. & Samuel, G. Multi-Scale Hierarchical Micro/Nano Surface Structures Induced by high Repetition rate femto-second Laser Pulses on Ti6Al4V in Ambient air. Lasers Manuf. Mater. Process. 10, 118–140 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40516-022-00197-z

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