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Evaluation of Workability and Mechanical Properties of Stone Matrix Asphalt Mixtures Made With and Without Stabilizing Additives

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A Correction to this article was published on 06 December 2019

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Abstract

Stone matrix asphalt (SMA) is a gap-graded mixture which is the combination of higher concentration of coarse aggregate and binder mortar. The coarse aggregate skeleton provides the mixture with stone-on-stone contact, giving it strength, while the high binder content mortar adds durability. The mortar is typically composed of fine aggregate, mineral filler, binder, and a stabilizing additive. A stabilizing additive such as cellulose fibers, mineral fibers, or polymers is added to SMA mixtures to prevent draindown of the mastics. In addition, it has the potential of reinforcing and improving the tensile strength of SMA mixtures. This paper presents the findings of performance of SMA mixtures with and without stabilizing additive. Superpave mix design, draindown, fatigue, rutting, workability, and moisture-induced damage properties of the SMA mixtures was evaluated. Three types of stabilizing additives (B, S, and V), one nominal maximum aggregate size (NMAS) 13.0 mm, and an unmodified asphalt binder (VG-30) were used in the study. Results indicate that the addition of stabilizing additive controls binder draindown and mix design properties of SMA mixtures satisfies the IRC SP 79 requirements. Resistance to rutting, fatigue, and moisture-induced damage of SMA with stabilizing additives were higher than SMA mixture without stabilizing additive. Further, SMA mixture without stabilizing additive takes less energy for densification compared with SMA mixture with stabilizing additives.

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Change history

  • 06 December 2019

    The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake. The correct author names are as follows: <Emphasis Type="Bold">G. Shiva Kumar</Emphasis> and <Emphasis Type="Bold">A. U. Ravi Shankar.</Emphasis> The original article has been corrected.

Abbreviations

AASHTO:

American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials

ASTM:

American Society for Testing and Materials

CDI:

Compaction density index

Gmb :

Bulk specific gravity of compacted mix

Gmm :

Theoretical maximum density of mixture

HMA:

Hot mix asphalt

IRC:

Indian Roads Congress

IS:

Indian Standard

ITS:

Indirect tensile strength

MS-02:

Asphalt Institute Manual, Series No. 2

MoRTH:

Ministry of Road Transport and Highways

Ndes :

Number of design gyrations

NMAS:

Nominal maximum aggregate size

OBC:

Optimum bitumen content

SGC:

Superpave gyratory compactor

SMA:

Stone matrix asphalt

SP-02:

Superpave Manual, Series No. 2

STOA:

Short-term oven aging for 2 h

TDI:

Traffic density index

TSR:

Tensile strength ratio

VTM:

Voids in total mix

VFB:

Voids filled with bitumen

VMA:

Voids in mineral aggregate

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Civil and Industrial Engineering, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy

    G. Shiva Kumar

  2. Dept. of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, Mangalore, 575025, India

    A. U. Ravi Shankar

Authors
  1. G. Shiva Kumar
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  2. A. U. Ravi Shankar
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Correspondence to G. Shiva Kumar.

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The original version of this article was revised: The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake. The correct author names are as follows: G. Shiva Kumar and A. U. Ravi Shankar.

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Shiva Kumar, G., Ravi Shankar, A.U. Evaluation of Workability and Mechanical Properties of Stone Matrix Asphalt Mixtures Made With and Without Stabilizing Additives. Transp. Infrastruct. Geotech. 7, 191–204 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40515-019-00098-3

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