Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Physiological growth, yield and quality responses of okra to sole and combined soil application of green biomass, poultry manure and inorganic fertilizers

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Plant Physiology Reports Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Agronomic practices using different organic materials helps in improving soil fertility and quality of produce. Experiments were conducted to determine the effects of different sole and combined application of organic manures and inorganic fertilizers on the physiological growth, yield and quality of okra. Treatments consisted two green biomass viz- Gliricidia sepium leaves (5 and 10 t ha−1 Gs), Chromolaena odorata leaves (5 and 10 t ha−1 Co), poultry manure (5 and 10 t ha−1 Pm), zinc sulphate (0 and 10 kg ha−1 Zn) and NPK fertilizer (200 kg ha−1 NPK) in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four replications. Application of 5 t ha−1 Co + 5 t ha−1 Pm (T2), 10 t ha−1 Pm + 0 kg ha−1 Zn (T8) and 10 t ha−1 Pm + 10 kg ha−1 Zn (T9) increased vegetative growth, number of fruits and quality of okra fruits similar to application of NPK except fruit weight per hectare while 5 t ha−1 Gs + 5 t ha−1 Pm (T1) improved all the parameters including fruit weight. Effects of treatments had significant influences on the proximate composition. The average concentrations of the heavy metals (Pb, Zn, Cu and Fe) detected in the samples were all below the safe limit. Incorporation of 5 t ha−1 Gs + 5 t ha−1 Pm (T1) will be adequate for growth, yield and quality characteristics of okra without the addition zinc sulphate fertilizer. Further increase in the amendments may therefore not be economical.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Abdou, M. A. H., Abdalla, M. Y. A., Hegazy, A. A., Zeinab, S. A., & Marzok. (2011) Physiological studies on clove basil plant. Journal of Plant Production, Mansoura University, 2(11), 1451–1469. https://doi.org/10.21608/jpp.2011.85669.

  • Aboyeji, C. M. (2019). Impact of green manures of Vernonia amygdalina and Chromolaena odorata on growth, yield, mineral and proximate composition of Radish (Raphanus sativus L.). Scientific Reports, 9, 17659. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-54071-8.

  • Aboyeji, C. M., Adekiya, A. O., Dunsin, O., Agbaje, G. O., Olugbemi, O., Okoh, H. O., et al. (2019). Growth, yield and vitamin C content of radish (Raphanus sativusL.) as affected by green biomass of Parkia biglobosa and Tithonia diversifolia. Agroforestry Systems, 93, 803–812. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10457-017-0174-6

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Adekiya, A. O. (2018). Legume Mulch materials and poultry manure affect soil properties, and growth and fruit yield of tomato. Agriculturae Conspectus Scientificus, 83(2), 161–167.

    Google Scholar 

  • Adekiya, A. O., Olaniran, A. F., Adenusi, T. T., Aremu, C. O., Ejue, W. S, Iranloye, Y. M., et al. (2020) Effects of cow dung and wood biochars and green manure on soil fertility and tiger nut (Cyperus esculentus L.) performance on a savanna Alfisol. Scientific Reports, 10, 21021. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-78194-5.

  • Adekiya, A. O., Ejue, W. S, Olayanju, A., Dunsin, O., Aboyeji, C. M., Aremu, C. O., et al. (2020). Different organic manure sources and NPK fertilizer on soil chemical properties, growth, yield and quality of okra. Scientific Reports, 10, 16083 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-73291-x.

  • Akande, M. O., Oluwatoyinbo, E. A., Makinde, E. A., Adepoju, A. S., & Adepoju, I. S. (2010). Response of okra to organic and inorganic fertilization. Natural Science, 8(11), 261–266.

    Google Scholar 

  • Alimi, T., Olubode-Awosola, O. O., & Idowu, E. O. (2006). Economic Rationale of Commercial Organic Fertilizer Technology in vegetable production in Osun state Nigeria. Journal of Applied Horticulture, 8(2), 159–164. https://doi.org/10.37855/jah.2006.v08i02.37.

  • Alisi, C. S., Onyeze, G. O. C., Ojiako, O. A., & Osuagwu, C. G. (2011). Evaluation of the Protective potential of Chromolaena odorata linn. Extract on carbon tetrachloride-induced oxidative liver damage. International Journal of Biochemistry Research & Review, 1(3), 69–81.

  • AOAC. (2003). Official methods of analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Arlington, Virginia.

  • Atakora, K., Agyarko, K., & Asiedu, E. K. (2014). Influence of grass cutter manure, chicken manure and NPK fertilizer on the physical properties of a Chromic Luvisol, growth and yield of carrot (Daucus carota). International Journal of Plant & Soil Science, 3(2), 197–204. https://doi.org/10.9734/IJPSS/2014/6426

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Azeez, J. O., Adekunle, I. O., Atiku, O. O., Akande, K. B., & Jamiu-Azeez, S. O. (2009). Effect of nine years of animal waste deposition on profile distribution of heavy metals in Abeokuta, south-western Nigeria and its implication for environmental quality. Waste Management, 29, 2582–2586.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Carter, M. R. (1993). Soil sampling and methods of analysis. Canadian Society of Soil Science. Boca Raton (FL): Lewis., pp. 823.

  • Defoer, T. (2002). Learning about methodology development for integrated soil fertility management. Agricultural Systems, 73, 57–81. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0308-521X(01)00100-7

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Doabi, S. A., Karami, M., Afyuni, M., & Yeganeh, M. (2018). Pollution and health risk assessment of heavy metals in agricultural soil, atmospheric dust and major food crops in Kermanshah province, Iran. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 163, 153–164.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Eifediyi, E. K., Remison, S. U., & Okaka, V. B. (2010). Effects of farmyard manure on the dry matter components of two cucumber varieties. Natural Science, 8(5), 16–22.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eke, K. A., Essien, B. A. Z., & Ogbu, J. U. (2008). Determination of optimum planting time of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) cultivars in the Derived Savannah. Proceedings of the 42nd annual conference of agricultural society of Nigeria (ASN) October 19th to 23rd at Ebonyi State University.

  • Ekwumemgbo, P. A., Sallau, M. S., Omoniyi, K. I., & Zubairu, S. Y. (2014). Proximate and anti-nutritional constituents of Abelmoschus esculentus grown in Fadaman Kubanni, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria. Journal of Scientific Research and Reports, 3, 2015–2027. https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.282

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Firoz, Z., Alam, M., Uddin, M., & Khatun, S. (2009). Effect of sowing time and spacing on lettuce seed production in hilly region. Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research, 34(3), 531–536. https://doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v34i3.3980

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Genstat. (2014). Genstat for Windows. Release 4.23. DE Discovery Edition, 2014. VSN International Limited, Hemel Hepsteins, UK.

  • Gopalan, C., Sastri, S. B. V., & Balasubramanian, S. (2007). Nutritive value of Indian foods. National Institute of Nutrition (NIN), ICMR, India.

  • Grubben, G., Klaver, W., Nono-Womdim, R., Everaarts, A., Fondio, L., Nugteren, J. A., et al. (2014). Vegetables to combat the hidden hunger in Africa. Chronica Horticulturae, 54, 24–32.

    Google Scholar 

  • Grzyb, A., Wolna-Maruwka, A., & Niewiadomska, A. (2020). Environmental factors affecting the mineralization of crop residues. Agronomy, 10, 1951. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10121951

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hough, R. L., Booth, P., Avery, L. M., Rhind, S., Crewa, C., Bacon, J., et al. (2012). Risk assessment of the use of PAS100 green composts in sheep and cattle production in Scotland. Waste Management, 32, 117–130.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hunt, R. (1982). Plant growth analysis, vol. 96 of Studies in Biology, Edward Arnold, London, UK.

  • Ibitoye, A. A. (2006). Laboratory manual on basic soil analysis, 2nd edn., 82. Akure, Ondo State: Foladaye Publishing Company.

  • Jamilah, N. P. (2010). Vesicular-arbuscular Mycorrhizae pattern, rock phosphate, and Application sources to promote growth and ginger in the typic PALEUDULT. Scientific Bulletin Ekasakti, 18, 2–6.

    Google Scholar 

  • Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives. (2010). Evaluation of certain food additives, Fifty Ninth Report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA). World Health Organization.

    Google Scholar 

  • Keatinge, J. D. H., Waliyar, F., Jammadass, R. H., Moustafa, A., Andrade, M., Drechsel, P., et al. (2010). Relearning old lessons for the future of food: By bread alone no longer − diversifying diets with fruit and vegetables. Crop Science, 50(Suppl. 1), 51–62.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Keya, S. S., Miah, M. G., Rahman, M. A., & Islam, M. T. (2020). Application of gliricidia sepium tree leaves and nitrogen fertilizer to improve tomato production and soil properties. Annals of Bangladesh Agriculture, 24(1), 77–87. https://doi.org/10.3329/aba.v24i1.51937.

  • Li, Y. X., Li, W., Wu, J., Xu, L. C., Su, Q. H., & Xiong, X. (2007). Contribution of additives Cu to its accumulation in pig feces, study in Beijing and Fuxin of China. Journal of Environmental Sciences, 19, 610–615.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Liu, L., Li, W., Song, W., & Guo, M. (2018). Remediation techniques for heavy metal-contaminated soils: Principles and applicability. Science of the Total Environment, 633, 206–219.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Manzeke, G. M., Mtambanengwe, F., Watts, M. J., Hamilton, E. M., Lark, R. M., Broadley, M. R., et al. (2019). Fertilizer management and soil type influence grain zinc and iron concentration under contrasting smallholder cropping systems in Zimbabwe. Science and Reports, 9, 6445. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-42828-0

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Maramag, R. P. (2013). Diuretic potential of Capsicum frutescens L, Corchorus oliturius L, Abelmoschus esculentus L. Asian Journal of Applied Sciences, 2, 60–69.

    Google Scholar 

  • Masarirambi, M. T., Hlawe, M. M., Oseni, O. T., & Sibiya, T. E. (2010). Effects of organic fertilizers on growth, yield quality and sensory evaluation of red lettuce (Lactuca sativa L) ‘Veneza roxa.’ ABJNA, 1(6), 1319–1324. https://doi.org/10.5251/abjna.2010.1.6.1319.1324

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mashavira, M., Chitata, T., Mhindu, R. L., Muzemu, S., Kapenzi, A., & Manjeru, P. (2015). The effect of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) compost on tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) growth attributes, yield potential and heavy metal levels. American Journal of Plant Sciences, 6, 545–553. https://doi.org/10.4236/ajps.2015.64059

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mihretu, Y., Wayessa, G., & Adugna, D. (2014). Multivariate Analysis among Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) Moench) Collection in South Western Ethiopia. Journal of Plant Sciences, 9, 43–50. https://doi.org/10.3923/jps.2014.43.50

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mkhonza, N. P., Buthelezi-Dube, N. N., & Muchaonyerwa, P. (2020). Phosphorus availability and fractions in a humic soil amended with poultry manure and lime. South African Journal of Plant and Soil, 37(5), 361–366. https://doi.org/10.1080/02571862.2020.1797196

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mohamed Amanullah, M., Sekar, S., & Muthukrishnan, P. (2010). Prospects and Potential of Poultry Manure. Asian Journal of Plant Sciences, 9, 172–182. https://doi.org/10.5251/abjna.2010.1.6.1319.1324

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nelson, D. W., & Sommers, L. E. (1996). Total carbon, organic carbon and organic matter. In D. L. Sparks (Ed.), Methods of soil analysis. Part 3, 2nd ed. SSSA Book Series No. 5. Madison (WI): ASA and SSSA; pp. 961–1010. https://doi.org/10.2136/sssabookser5.3.c34.

  • Noorlaila, A., Siti Aziah, A., Asmeda, R., & Norizzah, A. R. (2015). Emulsifying properties of extracted Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) mucilage of different maturity index and its application in coconut milk emulsion. International Food Research Journal, 22(2), 122–131.

  • Ntia, J. D., Shiyam, J., & Etim, D. (2017). Effect of Time and Rate of Application of Poultry Manure on the Growth and Yield of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L) Moench) in the Cross River Rain Forest Area, Nigeria. Asian Journal of Crop, Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 1(2), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.9734/AJSSPN/2017/35184

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ojeniyi, S. O., Amusan, O. A., & Adekiya, A. O. (2013). Effect of poultry manure on soil physical properties, nutrient uptake and yield of cocoyam (Xanthosoma saggitifolium) in southwest Nigeria. American-Eurasian Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, 13, 121–125.

    Google Scholar 

  • Panchen, Z. A., Primack, R. B., Gallinat, A. S., Nordt, B., Stevens, A. D., Du, Y., et al. (2015). Substantial variation in leaf senescence times among 1360 temperate woody plant species: Implications for phenology and ecosystem processes. Annals of Botany, 116, 865–873. https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcv015

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Peng, H., Chen, Y., Weng, L., Ma, J., Ma, Y., Li, Y., et al. (2019). Comparisons of heavy metal input inventory in agricultural soils in North and South China: A review. Science of the Total Environment, 660, 776–786.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rice, R. P., Rice, L. W. & Tindal, H. O. (1987). Fruit and vegetables production in Africa. London and Basingstoke: Macmillan Publishers Ltd., pp. 277–289.

  • Sanyaolu, V. T., & Adepoju, I. H. (2018). Comparative Evaluation of Organic manure from Some Invasive Plants, Poultry Manure and NPK on the Growth of Corchorus olitorius L. Journal of Applied Science and Environmental Management, 22(8), 1185–1192. https://www.ajol.info/index.php/jasem.

  • Sobieszczuk-Nowicka, E., Wrzesiński, T., Bagniewsla-Zadworna, A., Kubala, S., Rucińska-Sobkowiak, R., Polcyn, W., et al. (2018). Physio-genetic dissection of dark-induced leaf senescence and timing its reversal in barley. Plant Physiology, 178, 654–671.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Srinivasarao, Ch., Venkateswarlu, B., Dinesh Babu, M., Wani, S. P., Dixit, S., Sahrawat, K. L., & Kundu, S. (2011). Soil health improvement with gliricidia green leaf manuring in rainfed agriculture. Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Hyderabad, India, 23 P.

  • Sriskandarajah, N. (1987). Forage yield from Gliricidia sepium in Papua New Guinea (No. 19698).

  • Tanhan, P., Pokethitiyook, P., Kruatrachue, M., Chaiyarat, R., & Upatham, S. (2011). Effects of soil amendments and EDTA on lead uptake by Chromolaena odorata: Greenhouse and field trial experiments. International Journal of Phytoremediation, 13, 897–911. https://doi.org/10.1080/15226514.2010.525556

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tel, D. A., & Hagarty, M. (eds). (1984). Soil and plant analysis. Study guide for agricultural laboratory directors and technologists working in tropical regions. International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada, 277.

  • USDA. (2011). Carbon to Nitrogen Ratios in Cropping Systems. USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS), East National Technology Support Center, Greensboro, NC, in cooperation with North Dakota. USDA soils.usda.gov/sqi.

  • Watson, D. J. (1956). Leaf growth in relation to crop yield. The Growth of Leaves, pp. 178–91.

  • Williams, R. F. (1946). The physiology of plant growth with special reference to the concept of net assimilation rate. Annals of Botany London N.S., 10, 41.

  • Xu, H. L., Wang, R., Xu, R. Y., Mridha, M. A. U., & Goyal, S. (2005). Yield and quality of leafy vegetables grown with organic fertilizations. Acta Horticulturae, 627, 25–33. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2003.627.2.

  • Zhang, Q., Zhou, W., & Liang, G. (2015). Effects of different organic manures on the biochemical and microbial characteristics of albic paddy soil in a short-term experiment. PLoS ONE, 10, e0124096.

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Agricultural Sciences, Landmark University, Kwara State, Omu-Aran, Nigeria

    C. M. Aboyeji, D. O. Olaniyan, O. Dunsin, A. O. Adekiya, F. O. Okunlola, S. W. Ejue, O. T. V. Adebiyi, C. O. Aremu & J. O. Afolayan

  2. National Horticultural Research Institute, Idi-Ishin, P.M.B 5432, Ibadan, Nigeria

    T. A. J. Olofintoye, J. O. Afolayan & H. A. Adeniyi

Authors
  1. C. M. Aboyeji
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. D. O. Olaniyan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. O. Dunsin
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. A. O. Adekiya
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. F. O. Okunlola
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. S. W. Ejue
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. O. T. V. Adebiyi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. T. A. J. Olofintoye
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  9. C. O. Aremu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  10. J. O. Afolayan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  11. H. A. Adeniyi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to C. M. Aboyeji.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

Authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest associated with this study.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Aboyeji, C.M., Olaniyan, D.O., Dunsin, O. et al. Physiological growth, yield and quality responses of okra to sole and combined soil application of green biomass, poultry manure and inorganic fertilizers. Plant Physiol. Rep. 26, 709–721 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40502-021-00628-7

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40502-021-00628-7

Keywords

Search

Navigation