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Zinc application and green manuring enhances growth and yield in basmati rice (Oryza sativa L.)

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Abstract

Zn deficiency continues to be one of the key factors in determining rice production in India, which is very sensitive to low Zn supply in submerged rice soils. In view of the above facts, field experiments were conducted during rainy (kharif) seasons (April–November) of 2009 and 2010 for two consecutive years at the research farm of the Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, to evaluate the effects of summer green manuring crops and zinc (Zn) fertilizer sources on growth and physiological development of basmati rice (Oryza sativa L.) in basmati rice–durum wheat cropping system. The experiment was conducted in a split plot design, keeping three green manuring crops, viz., Sesbania aculeata (Dhaincha), Crotalaria juncea (Sunhemp), and Vigna unguiculata (Cowpea) and one summer fallow treatment as main-plot treatments and six Zn sources, viz., control (no Zn application), ZnSO4·7H2O (21 % Zn), ZnSO4·H2O (33 % Zn), ZnO (82 % Zn), ZnSO4·7H2O + ZnO (50 + 50 %) and EDTA-chelated Zn (12 % Zn) in sub-plots, with three replications. For all the Zn treatments 5 kg Zn ha−1 was applied uniformly to rice crop during both the years. Sesbania aculeata (Dhaincha) residue incorporation and EDTA-chelated Zn (12 % Zn) treatments were found to be a better combination with respect to basmati rice growth and physiological development. There was a 13.97 % increase in grain yield of basmati rice with Sesbania aculeata (Dhaincha) incorporation over control (no green manuring) and 23.53 % increase with EDTA-chelated Zn (12 % Zn) application over control (no Zn application). The correlation among the various yield attributes and yield indicated that all the yield attributes were highly correlated with yield. Thus, Zn fertilization along with green manure incorporation can lead to better growth and physiological development for higher productivity of basmati rice.

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Acknowledgments

The first author gratefully acknowledges the assistance received in the form of Senior Research Fellowship from the Director, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, during his Doctor of Philosophy degree programme. Thanks are also due to the Joint Director Research and Head, Division of Agronomy, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi for their advice and for providing the necessary field and laboratory facilities during the course of the investigation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Agronomy, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India

    Amarpreet Singh & Yashbir Singh Shivay

  2. Division of Crop Production, ICAR-Central Research Institute for Jute and Allied Fibres, Barrackpore, Kolkata, 700 120, West Bengal, India

    Amarpreet Singh

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  1. Amarpreet Singh
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  2. Yashbir Singh Shivay
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Correspondence to Yashbir Singh Shivay.

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Singh, A., Shivay, Y.S. Zinc application and green manuring enhances growth and yield in basmati rice (Oryza sativa L.). Ind J Plant Physiol. 20, 289–296 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40502-015-0167-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40502-015-0167-2

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