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Healthy Dietary Patterns on Clinical Periodontal Parameters: A GRADE Compliant Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

  • Oral Disease and Nutrition (F Nishimura, Section Editor)
  • Published:
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Abstract

Purpose of review

To evaluate the impact of healthy dietary patterns compared to the Western diet on periodontal indices in adults, used in the prevention and treatment of periodontal diseases.

Recent findings

Four RCTs and seven case–control studies were included on a critical appraisal of the evidence using GRADE, based on random effects meta-analysis by methodological subgroups for periodontal indices, and a narrative synthesis. There is a clinically significant reduction on bleeding on probing, Gingival Index and periodontal inflamed surface area, Calculus and Debris Index and incidence of tooth loss on healthy dietary patterns group, with a very low to moderate certainty of the evidence. Methodological complementation between included studies allows to consider “real-world data” that RCTs ignore, which have a significant effect on this association. Although biological plausibility is reported, more studies are required to clarify these results.

Summary

healthy dietary patterns could impact on periodontal health–disease status, reducing the global burden of periodontal diseases by improving the results of the standard care actions, such as toothbrushing, interdental cleaning and periodontal therapy. Further research is required to improve the quality of the evidence.

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Funding

This study was supported by National Commission for Scientific and Technological Research, National Ph.D. Scholarship Program [2018—21180023], Santiago, Chile. The receiver of this funding is the corresponding author Dr. Mauricio Baeza. The funding only covers the human resources used for the development of this research; it does not include funds for the publication of this or any other article, so there is currently no open access policy linked to this grant. Therefore, we compliant with the subscription publication route.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile

    Gustavo Sáenz-Ravello, Loreto Matamala, Patricia Cisternas, Jorge Gamonal & Mauricio Baeza

  2. Dental Research Division, Universidade Guarulho, Guarulhos, SP, Brazil

    Nidia Castro dos Santos

  3. Laboratory of Periodontal Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile

    Alejandra Fernandez & Marcela Hernandez

  4. Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile

    Alejandra Fernandez

  5. School of Public Health, FacultyofMedicine, University of Chile, 7500011, Santiago, Chile

    Mauricio Baeza

  6. Department of Pathology and Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile

    Marcela Hernandez

  7. Centro de Epidemiología y Vigilancia de las Enfermedades Orales (CEVEO), Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile

    Mauricio Baeza

  8. Departamento de Enfermería, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud y de los Alimentos, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Concepción, Chile

    Natalia Bello-Escamilla

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  1. Gustavo Sáenz-Ravello
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  7. Natalia Bello-Escamilla
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  8. Marcela Hernandez
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Contributions

CRediT: Gustavo Sáenz-Ravello was involved in conceptualization, methodology, formal analysis, writing—original draft, Loreto Matamala helped in methodology, formal analysis, writing—original draft, Nidia Castro dos Santos, Patricia Cisternas, Jorge Gamonal, Natalia Bello, Alejandra Fernandez, Natalia Bello-Escamilla and Marcela Hernandez were involved in writing—review & editing, Mauricio Baeza contributed to conceptualization, methodology, formal analysis, writing—original draft, supervision, funding acquisition.

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Correspondence to Mauricio Baeza.

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Not applicable. We use secondary data that do not require informed consent to be used, according to the International Ethical Guidelines for Health-related Research Involving Humans prepared by the Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences (CIOMS) in collaboration with the World Health Organization (WHO) in Geneva, 2016.

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This article is part of the Topical Collection on Oral Disease and Nutrition

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Sáenz-Ravello, G., Matamala, L., dos Santos, N.C. et al. Healthy Dietary Patterns on Clinical Periodontal Parameters: A GRADE Compliant Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Curr Oral Health Rep 9, 32–55 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40496-022-00307-y

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