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Potential of Natural Bioactive Compounds in Management of Diabetes: Review of Preclinical and Clinical Evidence

  • Clinical Pharmacology (L Brunetti, Section Editor)
  • Published:
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Abstract

Diabetes is one of the most common metabolic disorders often associated with hyperglycemia, altered carbohydrate, lipid, and protein metabolism. Type 2 diabetes is the most common type of diabetes associated with the disturbance of the normal level of insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cell. The current treatment of diabetes is done with semi-synthetic and synthetic drugs, but it is associated with adverse effects. Now, scientific community searches for new herbal bioactive as a replacement for successful management of the disease. Primitively bioactive compounds from herbs served as the backbone of medical therapy. The significant scientific facts and profitable dormant of ancient medicines are directed to increased global attention for herbal remedies. Herbal remedies are composed of an intricate blend of several bioactive molecules with accountable pharmacological action. Numerous published reports claim the pharmacological action of herbal remedies of the exact phytoconstituents. It is imperative to understand the pharmacokinetics of such phytoconstituents, with only a few phytoconstituents whose pharmacokinetic properties have been reported, and it requires to explore the pharmacokinetic property of other phytoconstituents. There are many bioactive plants that have antidiabetic properties such as Capsicum (chili pepper), Vitis vinifera (grape vine), Glycyrrhiza, Cinnamomum extract, Ervatamia microphylla, Trigonella foenum-graecum, and Moringa oleifera. This review highlights comprehensive information on pharmacokinetics and clinical efficacy of different bioactive constituents which is obtained from various plants that may afford as antidiabetic therapeutics.

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Abbreviations

BGL:

Blood glucose level

DIO:

Diet-induced obesity

DM:

Diabetes mellitus

GLUT-4:

Glucose transporter 4

FBG:

Fasting blood glucose

HDL:

High-density lipoprotein

HFD:

High-fructose diet

IDDM:

Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus

LDL:

Low-density lipoprotein

NIDDM:

Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus

PPAR-γ:

Peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor gamma

SREBP-1c:

Sterol regulatory element–binding protein 1c

STZ:

Streptozotocin

TC:

Total cholesterol

TG:

Triglyceride

WHO:

World Health Organization

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Al-Jouf, Saudi Arabia

    Ameeduzzafar Zafar, Nabil K. Alruwaili, Dibya Sundar Panda & Khaled Shalaby

  2. Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

    Syed Sarim Imam & Sultan Alshehri

  3. Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Al-Jouf, Saudi Arabia

    Khalid Saad Alharbi & Muhammad Afzal

  4. Glocal School of Pharmacy, Glocal University, Saharanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Muhammad Afzal

  5. Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt

    Khaled Shalaby

  6. Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

    Imran Kazmi

  7. Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Almaarefa University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

    Sultan Alshehri

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  1. Ameeduzzafar Zafar
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Zafar, A., Alruwaili, N.K., Panda, D.S. et al. Potential of Natural Bioactive Compounds in Management of Diabetes: Review of Preclinical and Clinical Evidence. Curr Pharmacol Rep 7, 107–122 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40495-021-00255-8

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