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Evaluation of perforating venous insufficiency with shear wave elastography: a preliminary study

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Abstract

Purpose

The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of shear wave elastography (SWE) in the diagnosis of perforating vein insufficiency, and to determine the applicability of these measurements.

Methods

A total of 140 symptomatic patients with a total of 280 lower extremities were investigated. All patients presented with venous insufficiency (VI) symptoms, and received Doppler ultrasound assessment to determine VI and SWE measurements. The SWE values were measured in the adjacent perivenous tissue of the largest Cockett’s perforating vein (PV) of both lower extremities, at the level where they pass the fascia. The Cockett’s PV diameter and the presence of reflux in Cockett’s PV and the great saphenous vein were compared with SWE values in perivenous tissue of PVs.

Results

The SWE values of the perforating vein insufficiency group were significantly higher than those of the normal PV without insufficiency group (P < 0.001). A significant and positive relation was seen between increased PV diameter and SWE values (P < 0.001) and there was a significant relationship between the presence of perforating vein insufficiency and increase in PV diameter. A statistically significant increase was detected in SWE values for the PV for those with reflux in the great saphenous vein (P < 0.001). The best cut-off values that can be used to detect perforating vein insufficiency were found 34.600 for kPa and 3.375 for m/s.

Conclusion

SWE may be used effectively in addition to conventional Doppler ultrasound examination in diagnosing and following perforating vein insufficiency.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank Funda Gökgöz Durmaz for providing help in the statistical analysis of the study.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Radiology, Medicine Faculty, Selçuk University, Ardıclı Mahallesi, Celal Bayar Cad. No: 313, Selçuklu, 42250, Konya, Turkey

    Mehmet Sedat Durmaz

  2. Department of Radiology, Kepez State Hospital, Antalya, Turkey

    Uğur Kesimal

  3. Department of Radiology, Manavgat State Hospital, Antalya, Turkey

    Hasan Ali Ünal

  4. Department of Radiology, Isparta City Hospital, Isparta, Turkey

    Bora Özbakır

Authors
  1. Mehmet Sedat Durmaz
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  2. Uğur Kesimal
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  3. Hasan Ali Ünal
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  4. Bora Özbakır
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Contributions

MSD, UK, BÖ designed and wrote the paper. MSD performed the ultrasound assessment, MSD, HU and UK analyzed the ultrasound images, MSD performed the statistical analysis. All authors read and approved the last version of the manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mehmet Sedat Durmaz.

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Conflict of interest

The authors declare that there are no financial or other relations that could lead to a conflict of interest.

Ethical statements

The approval of the ethics committee (the ethics committee of Selçuk University) was obtained before the initiation of the study. All the participants were previously informed about the study, and a written informed consent was signed by each participant before the US examination. All the procedures performed in the studies on humans were in line with the ethical institutional and/or national research committee standards and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its amendments or comparable ethical standards.

Consent to participate

Writen informed consent was obtained from the patients.

Consent to publish

The authors affirm that human research participants provided informed consent to publish images.

Code availability

Analyses in IBM SPSS statistics were performed without syntaxes, outputs are available by request.

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Durmaz, M.S., Kesimal, U., Ünal, H.A. et al. Evaluation of perforating venous insufficiency with shear wave elastography: a preliminary study. J Ultrasound 24, 463–470 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40477-020-00527-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40477-020-00527-x

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