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Health Information Technology Use Among Healthcare Providers Treating Children and Adolescents With Obesity: a Systematic Review

  • Cardiovascular Disease (R Foraker, Section Editor)
  • Published:
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Abstract

Purpose of Review

A systematic review was performed to synthesize the latest evidence of health information technology (HIT) used by healthcare professionals to address overweight/obesity among children and adolescents.

Recent Findings

This literature has not been summarized since 2012 despite the rapidly changing nature of HIT, the millions of federal healthcare dollars invested in the last decade, and the continued burden of childhood obesity and associated metabolic diseases.

Summary

Three databases were searched from January, 2012 to August, 2020. Experimental and quasi-experimental studies, including pilot and feasibility studies, using HIT to address obesity and behavior (physical activity and nutrition) change among children and adolescents aged 2-18 years were included. Studies were required to report the impact on clinical/behavioral outcomes or care processes (e.g., body mass index (BMI) screening). Twenty-five studies met inclusion criteria. In sum, HIT tools improved care processes (e.g., screening rates), yet it remains unclear whether improvements in care processes translate to changes in clinical/behavioral outcomes (e.g., BMI). The majority of studies included implementation outcomes, yet outcomes were mainly operationalized as satisfaction and lacked diversity. Studies commonly used a patient-centered approach, yet rarely employed precision medicine to individualize care based on the patient’s data. Few studies specifically targeted disadvantaged populations or social determinants of health and/or used behavioral theory. High quality, rigorous efficacy, and effectiveness studies are needed to address the knowledge gaps in this emerging field of science.

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Papers of particular interest, published recently, have been highlighted as: • Of importance •• Of major importance

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Funding

This publication was made possible by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention U48DP006395 and the Washington University’s Mentored Training in Implementation Science (MTIS) program supported by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) K12HL137942. It was partially support by Grant Number T32 HL130357 from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Prevention Research Center, Washington University in St. Louis, One Brookings Drive, Campus Box 1196, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA

    Maura Kepper, Callie Walsh-Bailey & Angeline Gacad

  2. Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, 70808, USA

    Amanda Staiano

  3. Center for Healthy Weight and Wellness, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA

    Lauren A. Fowler

  4. Pittsburgh, PA, 15101, USA

    Amber Blackwood

  5. Brown School Library, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA

    Susan A. Fowler

  6. College of Nursing, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA

    Marjorie Kelley

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  1. Maura Kepper
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  2. Callie Walsh-Bailey
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  3. Amanda Staiano
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  4. Lauren A. Fowler
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  6. Amber Blackwood
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  7. Susan A. Fowler
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  8. Marjorie Kelley
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Correspondence to Maura Kepper.

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Conflict of Interest

Maura Keeper, Callie Walsh-Bailey, Amanda Staiano, Angeline Gacad, Amber Blackwood, Susan Fowler, and Majorie Kelley declare that they have no conflict of interest. Lauren A. Fowler reports that this publication was made possible by Grant Number T32 HL130357 from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH).

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MeSH Headings

Pediatric obesity, Metabolic syndrome, Systematic review, Medical informatics, Information technology, Electronic health records, Clinical decision support systems

This article is part of the Topical Collection on Cardiovascular Disease

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Kepper, M., Walsh-Bailey, C., Staiano, A. et al. Health Information Technology Use Among Healthcare Providers Treating Children and Adolescents With Obesity: a Systematic Review. Curr Epidemiol Rep 8, 151–171 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40471-021-00262-9

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