Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Analysis of the performance of carbon fiber patches on improving the failure strength of a damaged and repaired plate

  • Technical Paper
  • Published:
Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Since the implementation of the composite patch bonding repair technique, this process has gradually replaced traditional bolting or welding methods. The correct choice of fiber type for the composite patch guarantees better durability of the repair. Carbon fiber composites, favored for the most advanced aeronautical and industrial applications, have shown great effectiveness in reducing stress at the damaged area. They are chosen for their high strength, low weight and high stiffness compared to other fibers. This work is part of this context, as the objective is to highlight, through a numerical analysis by finite elements, the interest of applying patches based on carbon fiber to reduce the stress concentration at the level of a damaged plate (a plate with a side crack and another plate with a crack emanating from a notch). Two types of carbon fiber were chosen, high modulus fiber and high strength fiber. Composite patches were bonded using Adekit A-140 adhesive to repair a 2024-T3 aluminum plate. The plate and the adhesive were introduced as materials with elastoplastic behavior where the adhesive was taken as being a third material. However, for the composite an orthotropic material was considered by introducing the respective engineering constants. The objective is to highlight the benefit of using high modulus (HM) or high strength (HS) carbon fibers compared to other fibers. The effects of crack size, presence of a notch, applied stress and the use of a hybrid composite (combination of HM fibers and HS fibers) were taken into consideration. The results showed clearly that the carbon fiber patch absorbs clearly a large amount of stress from the damaged area and ensures good resistance of the repaired plate.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14
Fig. 15
Fig. 16
Fig. 17
Fig. 18
Fig. 19
Fig. 20
Fig. 21
Fig. 22
Fig. 23
Fig. 24
Fig. 25
Fig. 26

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Pyles R (2003) Aging aircraft: USAF workload and material consumption life cycle patterns. Rand, Santa Monica

    Google Scholar 

  2. Baker AA (1984) Repair of cracked or defective metallic aircraft components with advanced fibre composites—an overview of Australian work. Compos Struct 2(2):153–181. https://doi.org/10.1016/0263-8223(84)90025-4

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Baker AA, Rose LF, Jones R (eds) (2002) Advances in the bonded composite repair of metallic aircraft structure. Elsevier, Amsterdam. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-008042699-0/50003-6

    Book  Google Scholar 

  4. Baker A (2008) Structural health monitoring of a bonded composite patch repair on a fatigue-cracked F-111C wing. DEFENCE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY ORGANISATION VICTORIA (AUSTRALIA) AIR VEHICLES DIV. Consulté le: 31 janvier 2022. [En ligne]. Disponible sur: https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/citations/ADA485406

  5. Baker A, Rajic N, Davis C (2009) Towards a practical structural health monitoring technology for patched cracks in aircraft structure. Compos Part Appl Sci Manuf 40(9):1340–1352. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2008.09.015

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Sun CT, Klug J, Arendt C (1996) Analysis of cracked aluminum plates repaired with bonded composite patches. AIAA J. 34(2):369–374. https://doi.org/10.2514/3.13073

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Klug JC, Sun CT (1998) Large deflection effects of cracked aluminum plates repaired with bonded composite patches. Compos Struct 42(3):291–296. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0263-8223(98)00018-X

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Gong XJ, Cheng P, Aivazzadeh S, Xiao X (2015) Design and optimization of bonded patch repairs of laminated composite structures. Compos Struct https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2014.12.048

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Ramji M, Srilakshmi R, Prakash MB (2013) Towards optimization of patch shape on the performance of bonded composite repair using FEM. Compos Part B Eng 45:710–720. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2012.07.049

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Ayatollahi MR, Hashemi R (2007) Mixed mode fracture in an inclined center crack repaired by composite patching. Compos Struct 81(2):264–273. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2006.08.013

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Madani K, Touzain S, Feaugas X, Cohendouz S, Ratwani M (2010) Experimental and numerical study of repair techniques for panels with geometrical discontinuities. Comput. Mater. Sci. 48(1):83–93. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.commatsci.2009.12.005

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Xiong Y, Raizenne D (1996) Stress and failure analysis of bonded composite-to-metal joints. Paper presented at the 83rd Meeting of the AGARD SMP on bolted bonded joints in polymeric composites, Florence, Italy, 2–3 September 1996. AGARD conference proceedings 590. ISBN 92-836-1046-6

  13. Breitzman TD, Iarve EV, Cook BM, Schoeppner GA, Lipton RP (2009) Optimization of a composite scarf repair patch under tensile loading. Compos Part Appl Sci Manuf 40(12):1921–1930. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2009.04.033

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Madani K, Touzain S, Feaugas X, Benguediab M, Ratwani M (2008) Numerical analysis for the determination of the stress intensity factors and crack opening displacements in plates repaired with single and double composite patches. Comput. Mater. Sci. 42(3):385–393. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.commatsci.2007.08.010

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Kaddouri N, Kouider M, Amine MB, Feaugas X (2019) Analysis of the presence of bonding defects on the fracture behavior of a damaged plate repaired by composite patch. Frat. Ed Integrità Strutt. 13(49):49. https://doi.org/10.3221/IGF-ESIS49.33

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Kaddouri N, Madani K, Rezgani L, Mokhtari M, Feaugas X (2020) Analysis of the effect of modifying the thickness of a damaged and repaired plate by composite patch on the J-Integral; effect of bonding defects. J. Braz. Soc. Mech. Sci. Eng. 42(8):426. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40430-020-02515-y

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Djebbar SC et al (2022) Substrate geometry effect on the strength of repaired plates: Combined XFEM and CZM approach. Int J Adhes Adhes. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2022.103252

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Madani K, Djebbar SC, Kaddouri N, El Ajrami M, Belhouari M (2022) Use of combined CZM and XFEM techniques for the patch shape performance analysis on the behavior of a 2024-T3 aluminum structure reinforced with a composite patch. Frattura Ed Integrità Strutturale 16(62):304–325. https://doi.org/10.3221/IGF-ESIS.62.22

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Madani K, Touzain S, Feaugas X, Benguediab M, Ratwani M (2009) Stress distribution in a 2024–T3 aluminum plate with a circular notch, repaired by a graphite/epoxy composite patch. Int. J. Adhes. Adhes. 29(3):225–233. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2008.05.004

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Khan SM, Essaheb M (2017) Effect of patch thickness on the repair performance of bonded composite repair in cracked aluminum plate. Mater. Today Proc. 4(8):9020–9028. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2017.07.255

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Gong XJ, Cheng P, Aivazzadeh S, Xiao X (2015) Design and optimization of bonded patch repairs of laminated composite structures. Compos Struct 123:292–300. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2014.12.048

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Mohammed SM, Mhamdia R, Albedah A, Bouiadjra BA, Bouiadjra BB, Benyahia F (2021) Fatigue crack growth in aluminum panels repaired with different shapes of single-sided composite patches. Int. J. Adhes. Adhes. 105:102781. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2020.102781

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Turan K, Örçen G (2017) Failure analysis of adhesive-patch-repaired edge-notched composite plates. J. Adhes. 93(4):328–341. https://doi.org/10.1080/00218464.2015.1116984

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Okafor AC, Bhogapurapu H (2006) Design and analysis of adhesively bonded thick composite patch repair of corrosion grind-out and cracks on 2024 T3 clad aluminum aging aircraft structures. Compos Struct 76(1):138–150. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2006.06.020

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Williams G, Trask R, Bond I (2007) A self-healing carbon fibre reinforced polymer for aerospace applications. Compos A Appl Sci Manuf 38(6):1525–1532. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2007.01.013

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Rezgani L, Madani K, Feaugas X, Touzain S, Cohendoz S, Valette J (2016) Influence of water ingress onto the crack propagation rate in a AA2024-T3 plate repaired by a carbon/epoxy patch. Aerosp. Sci. Technol. 55:359–365. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ast.2016.06.010

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. https://www.tensyl.com/.

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Sidi Bel Abbes, BP 89 Cité Ben M’hidi, 22000, Sidi Bel Abbes, Algeria

    N. H. Sebaibi, R. Mhamdia, K. Madani, N. Kaddouri & S. C. H. Djabbar

  2. ISEP—School of Engineering, Polytechnic of Porto, R. Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 431, 4200-072, Porto, Portugal

    R. D. S. G. Campilho

  3. INEGI-Pólo FEUP, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 400, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal

    R. D. S. G. Campilho

Authors
  1. N. H. Sebaibi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. R. Mhamdia
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. K. Madani
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. N. Kaddouri
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. S. C. H. Djabbar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. R. D. S. G. Campilho
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to K. Madani.

Additional information

Technical Editor: Santosh Kapuria.

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Sebaibi, N.H., Mhamdia, R., Madani, K. et al. Analysis of the performance of carbon fiber patches on improving the failure strength of a damaged and repaired plate. J Braz. Soc. Mech. Sci. Eng. 46, 347 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40430-024-04881-3

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40430-024-04881-3

Keywords

Search

Navigation