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Preparation, characterization and experimental investigation of thermophysical properties of stable TiN nanofluid for solar thermal application

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Abstract

Nanofluid is the suspension of nanosize (< 100 nm) particles in the base fluid. Nanofluids open a new dimension in the heat transfer process due to their enormous thermophysical properties. The preparation of stable, efficient, and low-cost nanofluids for solar thermal application is an emerging area of research. According to National Institute of Material Science, Japan research conclusion, titanium nitride (TiN) nanoparticles show superior optical absorption and photothermal conversion properties. TiN particles of 40–50 nm sizes were selected to prepare distilled water-based nanofluid at 0.025%, 0.05%, 0.075% and 0.1% concentration. TiN nanofluid thermophysical properties are experimentally measured at the temperature range (30–55 °C) and compared with available empirical correlations to ensure a realistic evaluation. The thermal conductivity, viscosity, density, and photoabsorption capacity of 0.1% TiN nanofluid enhanced by 23.96%, 8.76%, 0.498%, and 18.07% compared with distilled water. The significant enhancement in thermophysical properties suggests that TiN is an excellent plasmonic nanofluid for solar thermal applications, particularly in passive solar water heating systems. This paper summarizes the preparation, characterization, and analysis of thermophysical properties of stable TiN nanofluid. This study aims to extend TiN nanofluid thermophysical properties data for predictive model development.

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Abbreviations

TiN:

Titanium nitride

EG:

Ethylene glycol

K :

Thermal conductivity (W/mk)

NIMS:

National Institute of Material Science

ANN:

Artificial neural network

CFD:

Computational fluid dynamics

SLS:

Sodiuzm lauryl sulfate

SDBS:

Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate

MWCNT:

Multiwall carbon nanotube

FESEM:

Field emission scanning electron microscope

bf:

Base fluid

np:

Nanoparticle

nf:

Nanofluid

ϕ :

Volume concentration

μ :

Dynamic viscosity

ρ :

Density

ϑ :

Kinematic viscosity

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to acknowledge the Amrutvahini Pharmacy College, Sangamner, for providing a nanofluid preparation and testing facility, and special thanks to Prof. Kokate, Gokhale Education Society’s R.H.Sapat College of Engineering, Management Studies, and Research for availing thermal conductivity testing facility.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Trinity College of Engineering, Pune, India

    Kishor Deshmukh & Suhas Karmare

  2. Amrutvahini College of Engineering, Sangamner, India

    Kishor Deshmukh

  3. Government College of Engineering, Awasari, India

    Suhas Karmare

  4. Amrutvahini College of Pharmacy, Sangamner, India

    Deepak Raut

Authors
  1. Kishor Deshmukh
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  2. Suhas Karmare
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Correspondence to Kishor Deshmukh.

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Technical Editor: João Marciano Laredo dos Reis.

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Deshmukh, K., Karmare, S. & Raut, D. Preparation, characterization and experimental investigation of thermophysical properties of stable TiN nanofluid for solar thermal application. J Braz. Soc. Mech. Sci. Eng. 44, 448 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40430-022-03733-2

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