Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Numerical simulation of stratified intrusive gravity current in three-dimensional state due to the presence of particles using large eddy simulation method

  • Technical Paper
  • Published:
Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The motion of gravity current is attributed to the difference in density of current and the surrounding environment. If a fluid with a certain density enters the stratified environment so that its density is less than the lower layers and higher than the upper layers, the gravity current would be of intrusive type. Turbidity current is known as an important class of density currents, where the density difference is formed due to the presence of suspended solid particles in the fluid. In this paper, a three-dimensional numerical simulation of stratified intrusive gravity current in the presence of particles is investigated. For this purpose, the open-source OpenFOAM code is implemented for large eddy simulation to model the flow turbulence. According to the obtained results, the addition of particle mass to the intrusive gravity flow in dual symmetric state and flat bed would be followed by reduced velocities of intrusive gravity forward advance and ambient return flow at the bottom of the channel. Moreover, the flow behavior for the case of reverse slopes of 2, 4 and 6° in dual symmetric state in the absence of particles and at a 4° slope in the presence of particles with diameters of 20 and 30 microns has been investigated. Finally, the effect of bed slope on the instability of ambient gravity flow in the absence and presence of particles has explored with the help of local Richardson number. Faster instability in gravity current was achieved as a result of an increase in the bed slope in the absence of particles. Moreover, examining the instability in the 4° bed slope in the presence of particle with diameters of 20 and 30 microns revealed a reduction in local Richardson. Hence, the higher stability of the flow in the presence of particles compared to their absence can be inferred.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14
Fig. 15
Fig. 16
Fig. 17
Fig. 18
Fig. 19
Fig. 20
Fig. 21
Fig. 22
Fig. 23
Fig. 24
Fig. 25
Fig. 26
Fig. 27
Fig. 28
Fig. 29
Fig. 30

Similar content being viewed by others

Data Availability

https://github.com/ehsankhavasi/Solvers

Notes

  1. A geometric agglomerated algebraic multigrid solver (also named Generalized geometric- algebraic multi-grid in the manual) (Moukalled, Fadl, L. Mangani and Marwan Darwish. The finite volume method in computational fluid dynamics. Vol. 113. Berlin, Germany: Springer, 2016).

  2. A preconditioned bi-conjugate gradient solver for asymmetric matrices (Moukalled, Fadl, L. Mangani and Marwan Darwish. The finite volume method in computational fluid dynamics. Vol. 113. Berlin, Germany: Springer, 2016).

References

  1. Abbaszadeh S (2012) Large Eddy simulation of continuous density current impinging on obstacles, M.Sc. Thesis. (in Persian)

  2. Benjamin TB (1968) Gravity currents and related phenomena. J Fluid Mech 31(2):209–248

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  3. Britter RE, Simpson JE (1981) A note on the structure of the head of an intrusive gravity current. J Fluid Mech 112:459–466

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Cheong HB, Kuenen JJP, Linden PF (2006) The front speed of intrusive gravity currents. J Fluid Mech 552:1

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  5. Garcia MH (1994) Depositional turbidity currents laden with poorly sorted sediment. J Hydraul Eng ASCE 120(11):1240–1263

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Goldstein S (1931) On the stability of superposed streams of fluids of different densities. Proc R Soc A Math Phys Eng Sci 132(820):524–548

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  7. Hazel P (1972) Numerical studies of the stability of inviscid stratified shear flows. J Fluid Mech 51(1):39–61

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  8. He Z, Zhao L, Lin T, Hu P, Lv Y, Ho HC, Lin YT (2017) Hydrodynamics of gravity currents down a ramp in linearly stratified environments. J Hydraul Eng 143(3):04016085

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Holmboe J (1962) On the behavior of symmetric waves in stratified shear layers. Geophys Publ 24:67–113

    Google Scholar 

  10. Holyer JY, Huppert HE (1980) Gravity currents entering a two-layer fluid. J Fluid Mech 100(4):739–767

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  11. Howard LN (1961) Note on a paper pf John W. Miles. J Fluid Mech 10:509–512

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  12. Khavasi E, Firoozabadi B, Afshin H (2013) Linear analysis of the stability of particle-laden stratified shear layers. Can J Phys 92(2):103–115

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Khodkar MA, El Allam K, Meiburg E (2018) Intrusions propagating into linearly stratified ambients. J Fluid Mech 844:956

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  14. Khodkar MA, Nasr-Azadani MM, Meiburg E (2016) Intrusive gravity currents propagating into two-layer stratified ambients: vorticity modeling. Phys Rev Fluids 1(4):044302

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Maxworthy T, Leilich JSJE, Simpson JE, Meiburg EH (2002) The propagation of a gravity current into a linearly stratified fluid. J Fluid Mech 453:371

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  16. Middleton GV (1993) Sediment deposition from turbidity currents. Annu Rev Earth Planet Sci 21:89–114

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Moin P, Kim J (1982) Numerical investigation of turbulent channel flow. J Fluid Mech 118:341–377

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  18. Necker F, Härtel C, Kleiser L, Meiburg E (2002) High-resolution simulations of particle-driven gravity currents. Int J Multip Flow 28(2):279–300

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  19. Negretti ME (2007) Hydrodynamic instabilities and entrainment in two-layer stratified flows down a slope. Ph.D. thesis, University of Karlsruhe

  20. Negretti ME, Socolofsky SA, Jirka GH (2008) Linear stability analysis of inclined two-layer stratified flows. Phys Fluids 20(9):104–111

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  21. Nicholson M, Flynn MR (2015) Gravity current flow over sinusoidal topography in a two-layer ambient. Phys Fluids 27(9):096603

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Nourazar S, Safavi M (2017) Two-dimensional large-eddy simulation of density-current flow propagating up a slope. J Hydraul Eng 143(9):04017035

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Ooi SK, Constantinescu G, Weber LJ (2007) 2D large-eddy simulation of lock-exchange gravity current flows at high Grashof numbers. J Hydraul Eng 133(9):1037–1047

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Ooi SK, Constantinescu G, Weber L (2007) A numerical study of intrusive compositional gravity currents. Phys Fluids 19(7):076602

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  25. Ooi SK, Constantinescu G, Weber L (2009) Numerical simulations of lock-exchange compositional gravity current. J Fluid Mech 635:361

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  26. Ottolenghi L, Adduce C, Inghilesi R, Armenio V, Roman F (2016) Entrainment and mixing in unsteady gravity currents. J Hydraul Res 54(5):541–557

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Peer AAI, Gopaul A, Dauhoo MZ, Bhuruth M (2008) A new fourth-order non-oscillatory central scheme for hyperbolic conservation laws. Appl Numer Math 58(5):674–688

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  28. Pelmard J, Norris S, Friedrich H (2018) LES grid resolution requirements for the modelling of gravity currents. Comput Fluids 174:256–270

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  29. Rahmani M (2011) Kelvin–Helmholtz instabilities in sheared density stratified flows. Ph.D. dissertation, University of British Columbia

  30. Sutherland BR, Kyba PJ, Flynn MR (2004) The front speed of intrusive gravity currents. J Fluid Mech 514:327–353

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  31. Sutherland BR, Kyba PJ, Flynn MR (2004) Intrusive gravity currents in two-layer fluids. J Fluid Mech 514(1):327–353

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  32. Taylor GI (1931) Effect of variation in density on the stability of superposed streams of fluid. Proc R Soc A Math Phys Eng Sci 132(820):499–523

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  33. Yousefi H, Khavasi E, Nazmi P, Mashhadi Z (2018) The Eulerian–Lagrangian and Eulerian–Eulerian methods combination for numerical modeling of the particle laden density current. Modares Mech Eng 18(1):441–451

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran

    Mohammadreza Darabian & Ehsan Khavasi

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy

    Arameh Eyvazian

  3. Metamaterials for Mechanical, Biomechanical and Multiphysical Applications Research Group, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

    Pouyan Talebizadehsardari

Authors
  1. Mohammadreza Darabian
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Ehsan Khavasi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Arameh Eyvazian
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Pouyan Talebizadehsardari
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ehsan Khavasi.

Additional information

Technical Editor: Erick Franklin.

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Darabian, M., Khavasi, E., Eyvazian, A. et al. Numerical simulation of stratified intrusive gravity current in three-dimensional state due to the presence of particles using large eddy simulation method. J Braz. Soc. Mech. Sci. Eng. 43, 257 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40430-021-02963-0

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40430-021-02963-0

Keywords

Search

Navigation