Abstract
Stress relief treatment based on mechanical vibrations is a technology that stands out for being an alternative to conventional thermal treatments and also due to its effectiveness for materials with heterogeneous structures. In this context, the application of this technique in welded joints has great potential for reducing residual stresses. This research presents some analyses of the effectiveness of surface residual stress relief treatment by mechanical vibrations using random excitations applied on plasma welded joints. Residual stresses were analysed by the X-ray diffraction technique with the sin2 ψ method. Measurement uncertainties are taken into account in the computation of the reduction of residual stresses via Monte Carlo simulation analyses. A significant reduction in the residual stresses magnitudes, around 40 %, in the longitudinal direction was observed after the application of mechanical vibration treatments stress. In the transversal direction, most of the test specimens presented reduction levels around 20 %.
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Abbreviations
- ∆σ :
-
Residual stress reduction level (%)
- \( {\hat{\sigma }}^{{\left( \text{b} \right)}} \) :
-
Stress measured before the vibratory motion
- \( {\hat{\sigma }}^{{\left( \text{a} \right)}} \) :
-
Stress measured after the vibratory motion
- \( \left[ {\hat{\sigma } - S_{\sigma } , - S_{\sigma , } } \right] \) :
-
\( \left( {1 - \alpha } \right) \times 100\;\% \) confidence interval for σ
- \( \uplambda_{\text{b}}^{\text{2}} \) :
-
Variance of the random variable σ(b)
- \( \uplambda_{\text{a}}^{\text{2}} \) :
-
Variance of the random variable σ(a)
- \( \text{S}_{\upsigma}^{{\left( \text{b} \right)}} \) :
-
Half-bandwidth of the confidence interval for the measured stress before the vibratory motion
- \( \text{S}_{\upsigma}^{{\left( \text{a} \right)}} \) :
-
Half-bandwidth of the confidence interval for the measured stress after the vibratory motion
- \( \pi\left( {z} \right) \) :
-
Pdf of the random variable z
- \( z \sim N\left( {\mu ,\lambda^{2} } \right) \) :
-
Z follows a Gaussian distribution with mean μ and variance \( \lambda^{\text{2}} \)
- RS:
-
Residual stress
- HAZ:
-
Heat-affected zone
- PAW:
-
Plasma arc welding
- GTAW:
-
Gas tungsten arc welding
- FZ:
-
Fused zone
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Acknowledgments
The authors would like to express their gratitude to the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) due to the Grant 483391/2013-1, to CAPES due to Grant BEX 1197/2014, to FAPERJ and to USIMAS for providing the DP600 steel.
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Technical Editor: Alexandre Mendes Abrao.
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Chuvas, T.C., Castello, D.A. & Cindra Fonseca, M.P. Residual stress relief of welded joints by mechanical vibrations. J Braz. Soc. Mech. Sci. Eng. 38, 2449–2457 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40430-016-0516-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40430-016-0516-8