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Anatomical characteristics of the upland local Indonesian rice cultivars as structural protection against drought

  • Structural Botany - Original Article
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Abstract

Drought-tolerant rice has various forms of adaptation responses, including root and leaf anatomical adaptations. In this study, we evaluated these anatomical adaptations by determining the anatomical characteristics of the roots and leaves of local Indonesian rice under drought conditions. This study aims to elucidate the basic anatomical features of leaves and roots that ensure drought tolerance in rice. Drought stress treatment was performed by using the fraction of transpirable soil water method with FTSW level 1 (control) and FTTSW 0.2 (severe drought). ‘Boawae 100 Malam’- BSM and ‘Situ Bagendit’- SB were used as the drought-tolerant cultivars, ‘Gogo Jak’- GJ was used as the moderate cultivar, and ‘Kisol’- KM and ‘Ciherang’-CH were used as the drought-susceptible cultivars. We utilized the freehand sectioning method for leaf anatomical tissue preparation and embedded tissues in paraffin for root anatomical preparation. We found that drought-tolerant cultivars underwent several anatomical changes, including reduced root diameter, stele diameter, xylem diameter, and cortex radius and thickened cells that supported improved water absorption under severe drought conditions. As a consequence of the structural adaptation of roots, several leaf characteristics for adaptation to drought were also found. These adaptations included the increased thickness of the mesophyll layer and lamina, enlarged and bulliform cells with increased stability, and broad vascular bundles composed of extremely thick tracheid and pit elements with small diameters.

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Data availability

The data set is available in Microsoft excel format as Tabel Salsinha et al - BRJB - Raw datas root and leaf anatomical. Data available on google drive at https://tinyurl.com/Salsinhaetal2023BRJBdatasheets

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Acknowledgements

The authors extend our gratitude to the Faculty of Biology Universitas Gadjah Mada (UGM) and The Talent Management and Research Center for Genetic Engineering from The National Research and Innovation Agency of Indonesia (BRIN) for supporting this research and publication.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Research Center for Genetic Engineering, The National Research and Innovation Agency of Indonesia, Cibinong, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia

    Yustina Carolina Febrianti Salsinha & Dwi Setyo Rini

  2. Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

    Didik Indradewa

  3. Research Center for Biotechnology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

    Yekti Asih Purwestri

  4. Department of Tropical Biology, Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

    Zidny Fatikhasari & Diah Rachmawati

  5. Research Center for Plant Conservation Botanic Gardens and Forestry, The National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia

    Intani Quarta Lailaty

  6. Department of Pharmacy, STIKes KHAS Kempek, Cirebon, West Java, Indonesia

    Yusfia Urwatul Wutsqa

  7. Environmental Laboratory, Minister of Environment and Forestry of Bangka Belitung, Pangkal Pinang, Belitung, Indonesia

    Devita Harijayanti

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  1. Yustina Carolina Febrianti Salsinha
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Contributions

YCFS was involved in conceptualization, methodology, data interpretation, manuscript writing and editing, DSR was involved in observation, manuscript writing and draft preparation, and also funding acquisition, IQL and DH was involved in methodology, investigation and observation, and also manuscript writing and editing, ZF and YUW were involved in data validation and interpretation, manuscript writing and preparation and also data visualization, YAP and DI were involved in research methodology, data interpretation and validation, and also supervision, while DR was involved in investigation process, resources, manuscript writing and editing, supervision and funding acquisition.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Diah Rachmawati.

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Salsinha, Y.C.F., Rini, D.S., Indradewa, D. et al. Anatomical characteristics of the upland local Indonesian rice cultivars as structural protection against drought. Braz. J. Bot 46, 645–659 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40415-023-00912-w

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