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Targeted profiling and temporal expression of a few key genes revealed an apparent coordination among the metabolites contributing to the volatiles internal pool in Jasminum sambac (L.) Aiton flowers

  • Biochemistry & Physiology - Original Article
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Abstract

Jasminum sambac (L.) Aiton is one of the most popular jasmines cultivated widely in the tropics for scented flowers. Though physiology of floral scent emission in J. sambac was described, the preceding metabolites that are utilized in the floral tissue for constituting scent volatiles remained hitherto, unexplored. Here, we report targeted profiling of scent volatiles internal pool and major primary metabolites that are synthesized in the petals of J. sambac at six different stages of floral maturation. GC–MS analysis revealed the dominance of benzenoid compounds in the volatiles internal pool namely benzyl alcohol, benzyl acetate and benzyl benzoate. This was apparent from differences in the amount of active PAL, BEAT and glucosidase enzymes (measured in terms of their in vitro activities) at six stages of floral maturation. Moreover, GC–MS analyses of nonvolatile metabolites (preceded by derivatization) also revealed differences in the metabolite distribution patterns consistent with energy requisitions for different stages of floral maturation. These include sugars, amino acids, fatty acids and alcohols that constitute the nonvolatile metabolic pool of the flower. Higher concentrations of sucrose, fructose and trehalose during the peak stage of scent emission along with the presence of several crucial organic acids indicated their indispensability for specialized metabolite (volatiles) accumulation. Furthermore, temporal expression analyses by RT-qPCR of a few key genes of the benzenoid and terpenoid pathways along with genes for sugar transport and hydrolysis suggest an apparent coordination among the metabolites that contribute to the rhythmic production of volatiles in J. sambac flowers.

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Abbreviations

BEAT:

Benzyl alcohol: acetyl CoA acetyltransferase

cwINV:

Cell wall invertase

E4P:

Erythrose 4-phosphate

FPP:

Farnesyl pyrophosphate

FPPS:

Farnesyl diphosphate synthase

Gly-3-P:

Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate

GLS:

Geranyl linalool synthase

GPP:

Geranyl pyrophosphate

HMGR:

3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase

HMGS:

3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A synthase

IPP:

Isopentenyl pyrophosphate

LOX:

Lipoxygenase

MEP:

Methylerythritol 4-phosphate

MVA:

Mevalonic acid

ODO1:

ODORANT

PAL:

Phenylalanine ammonia lyase

PEP:

Phosphoenol pyruvate

PPP:

Pentose phosphate pathway

SUT:

Sucrose uptake transporter

SWEET:

Sugars will eventually be exported transporter;

TCA:

Tricarboxylic acid

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by a grant [38(1420)/16/EMR-II to A Mitra] from the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR; www.csirhrdg.res.in), India. K Jayanthan was a recipient of institute assistantship for M.Tech. study. U Ghissing, P Bera and W Bimolata were recipients of individual fellowships as CSIR-SRF (NET), DST-INSPIRE fellow and SERB-NPDF, respectively.

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Author notes

  1. Kavya Jayanthan

    Present address: Laboratory of Horticultural Sciences, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan

  2. Paramita Bera

    Present address: National Centre for Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, 110 067, India

  3. Upashana Ghissing and Kavya Jayanthan these authors contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Natural Product Biotechnology Group, Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721 302, India

    Upashana Ghissing, Kavya Jayanthan, Paramita Bera & Adinpunya Mitra

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  1. Upashana Ghissing
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  2. Kavya Jayanthan
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  4. Waikhom Bimolata
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Contributions

UG and KJ conducted the investigation and formal analysis and wrote the draft manuscript; PB isolated and cloned core cDNA fragment of ODO1 gene and studied its preliminary expression patterns; WB conducted the RT-qPCR along with UG and helped in data analysis; AM conceptualized the study, acquired funding and resources, supervised the whole study and finalized the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Adinpunya Mitra.

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Ghissing, U., Jayanthan, K., Bera, P. et al. Targeted profiling and temporal expression of a few key genes revealed an apparent coordination among the metabolites contributing to the volatiles internal pool in Jasminum sambac (L.) Aiton flowers. Braz. J. Bot 45, 587–597 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40415-022-00802-7

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