Abstract
Purpose
To analyse the epidemiology, treatment, and microbiological findings of hospitalised Lithuanian children and adolescents admitted due to maxillofacial infections over a 17-years period.
Methods
428 medical records of paediatric (under the age of 18) patients hospitalised at Vilnius University Hospital from 2003 to 2019 due to a maxillofacial infection were reviewed. The data concerning patient sociodemographic characteristics, aspects related to a hospital stay, treatment modalities, microbiological findings, and sensitivity to antibiotics, were collected and analysed.
Results
The most prevalent condition was odontogenic maxillofacial space infection (28.7%), followed by lymphadenitis (21.7%). The mean (sd) age was 10.86 (4.8) years and the male-to-female ratio was 1.37:1. The majority of patients (83.4%) underwent surgical treatment. The mean (sd) hospital stay was 5.49 (2.9) days. The longest hospital stay was observed in the case of odontogenic maxillofacial space infections. A longer period of hospitalisation was generally associated with the presence of anaerobes and their resistance to antibiotics as well as multiple space involvement in deep neck space infections and a permanent causative tooth in odontogenic cases. The most commonly isolated microbiological species was Staphylococcus aureus spp.
Conclusion
The most common origin of maxillofacial infection was odontogenic among investigated Lithuanian children and adolescents. In the majority of cases, a penicillin group antibiotic was prescribed. Streptococci were the predominant bacteria in the cases of odontogenic infection, while Staphylococci were the most prevalent among non-odontogenic cases. Nearly 40.0% of isolated microorganisms were resistant to penicillin. High resistance to metronidazole was identified among anaerobic bacteria.
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Data Availability
The data used for this study will be made available upon request.
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Funding
No funding was received for conducting this study. The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose. The study was approved by Vilnius Regional Bioethics Committee (2020/3-1216-698).
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Rasteniene, R., Simenaite, G. & Brukiene, V. Maxillofacial infections in lithuanian hospitalised children and adolescents: a 17-years retrospective study. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 24, 603–611 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40368-023-00824-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40368-023-00824-z