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Effects of microtopography on spatial point pattern of forest stands on the semi-arid Loess Plateau, China

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Abstract

Microtopography may affect the distribution of forests through its effect on rain redistribution and soil water distribution on the semi-arid Loess Plateau, China. In this study, we investigated the characteristics of microtopography on two shady slopes (slope A, 5 hm2, uniform slope; slope B, 5 hm2, microtopography slope) and surveyed the height, the diameter at breast height and the location (x, y coordinates) of all selected individual trees (Robinia pseudoacacia Linn., Pyrus betulifolia Bunge, Populus hopeiensis Hu & Chow, Armeniaca sibirica Lam., Populus simonii Carr. and Ulmus pumila Linn.) on slope A and slope B in the watersheds of Wuqi county, Shaanxi province. Subsequently, the effects of microtopography on the spatial pattern of forest stands were analyzed using Ripley’s K(r) function. The results showed that: (1) The maximal aggregation radiuses of the tree species on the uniform slope (slope A) were larger than 40 m, whereas those of the tree species on the microtopography slope (slope B) were smaller than 30 m. (2) On slope B, the spatial association of R. pseudoacacia with P. betulifolia, A. sibirica, P. simonii and U. pumila varied from being strongly negative to positive at microtopography scales. The spatial association of Populus hopeiensis Hu & Chow with U. pumila also varied from being strongly negative to positive at microtopography scales. However, there was no spatial association between P. betulifolia and P. hopeiensis, P. betulifolia and A. sibirica, P. betulifolia and P. simonii, P. betulifolia and U. pumila, P. hopeiensis and A. sibirica, P. hopeiensis and P. simonii, A. sibirica and P. simonii, A. sibirica and U. pumila, and P. simonii and U. pumila. On slope A, the spatial association between tree species were strongly negative. The results suggest that microtopography may shape tree distribution patterns on the semi-arid Loess Plateau.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Tourist Resources and Environment in Colleges and Universities of Shandong Province, Taishan University, Tai’an, 271021, China

    WeiJun Zhao & ShuZhen Peng

  2. Forestry Ecological Engineering Research Center (Ministry of Education), Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China

    WeiJun Zhao, Yan Zhang, QingKe Zhu, YanMin Zhao, Huan Ma & Yu Wang

  3. Department of Sedimentation, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing, 100044, China

    Wei Qin

  4. Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of State Forestry Administration, Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China

    Ping Li

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  1. WeiJun Zhao
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  2. Yan Zhang
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  3. QingKe Zhu
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  4. Wei Qin
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Correspondence to QingKe Zhu.

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Zhao, W., Zhang, Y., Zhu, Q. et al. Effects of microtopography on spatial point pattern of forest stands on the semi-arid Loess Plateau, China. J. Arid Land 7, 370–380 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40333-015-0123-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40333-015-0123-z

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