Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

An automatic procedure for earthquake analysis using real-time data

  • Original Study
  • Published:
Acta Geodaetica et Geophysica Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The seismicity of Romania is mostly represented by earthquakes produced by the Vrancea seismic source with intermediate depth events (3 shocks/century with magnitude MW greater than 7.0). The seismic activity in Romania also includes crustal earthquakes. The crustal seismicity is more scattered and moderate compared to the intermediate-depth one. A stable and automatic method has been implemented in the real-time data acquisition and processing system ANTELOPE to estimate the seismic moment, the moment magnitude and the corner frequency of events recorded by the velocity sensors, using spectral analysis applied to S waves. The main goals are the independent estimation of the seismic moment and the common characterization for all events recorded by the National Seismic Network. The main target of this paper is represented by the fast estimation of moment magnitude MW and ground motion parameters that are derived using Gallo et al. (Bull Earthquake Eng 12:185–202, 2014) methodology and their validation with other magnitude determination algorithms existing at the National Institute for Earth Physics (NIEP). To test this new methodology, we have analyzed 331 seismic events, most of them being automaticaly located, and afterwards added a new, manually processed solution for events with ML ≥ 4.5, to obtain a larger interval of magnitudes.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Aki K (1966) Generation and propagation of G waves from Niigata earthquake of June 16, 1964, estimation of earthquake moment, released energy, and stress-strain drop from G wave spectrum. Bull Earthq Rex Inst Tokyo Uniu 44:73–78

    Google Scholar 

  • Andrews DJ (1986) Objective determination of source parameters and similarity of earthquakes of different size. Maurice Ewing series, 6, American Geophysical Union, Geophysics Monograph, 37, Washington DC, 259–267

  • Brune J (1970) Tectonic stress and spectra of seismic shear waves from earthquakes. J Geophys Res 75(26):4997–5009 Brune J (1971) Correction. J Geophys Res 76(20):5002

  • Cioflan CO, Toma-Danila D, Manea EF (2016) Seismic loss estimates for scenarios of the 1940 Vrancea earthquake. In: The 1940 Vrancea Earthquake. Issues, Insights and Lessons Learnt (pp. 425–439). Springer, Cham

  • Cioflan CO, Manea EF, Apostol BF (2022) Insights from neo-deterministic seismic hazard analyses in Romania. In: Earthquakes and sustainable infrastructure (pp 415–432). Elsevier

  • Clinton J, Zollo A, Marmureanu A, Zulfikar C, Parolai S (2016) State-of-the art and future of earthquake early warning in the European region. Bull Earthq Eng. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-016-9922-7

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Console R, Rovelli A (1981) Attenuation parameters for Friuli region from strong-motion accelerogram spectra. Bull Seismol Soc Am 71(6):1981–1991

    Google Scholar 

  • Craiu M, Craiu A, Ionescu C, Popa M, Radulian M (2012) New local magnitude calibration for Vrancea (Romanian) intermediate-depth earthquake. Rom Rep Phys 64:4

    Google Scholar 

  • Craiu A, Craiu M, Mihai M, Manea EF, Mărmureanu A (2022) Vrancea intermediate-depth focal mechanism catalog: a useful instrument for local and regional stress field estimation. Acta Geophys. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11600-022-00906-4

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Craiu A, Craiu M, Diaconescu M, Marmureanu A (2015) Seismic activity and focal mechanisms analysis for different seismic zones of Romania (2010–2014). In: 15th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference, SGEM 2015 Conference Proceedings, ISBN 978-619-7105-33-9/ISSN 1314-2704, June 18–24, Book1 Vol. 3, 947–956

  • Craiu A, Diaconescu M, Craiu M, Marmureanu A, Ionescu C (2016) Analysis of the seismic activity in the Vrancea intermediate-depth source region during the period 2010–2015. The 1940 Vrancea Earthquake. Issues, Insights and Lessons Learnt: 1940 Vrancea Earthquake, Springer Natural Hazards, 189–203

  • Edward B, Allmann B, Fäh D, Clinton J (2010) Automatic computation of moment magnitudes for small earthquakes and the scaling of local to moment magnitude. J Geophys Res 183:407–420

    Google Scholar 

  • Gallo A, Costa G, Suhadolc P (2014) Near real-time automatic moment magnitude estimation. Bull Earthq Eng 12:185–202. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-013-9565-x

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gutenberg B, Richter CF (1942) Earthquake magnitude, intensity, energy and acceleration. Bull Seismol Soc Am 32:163–191

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gutenberg B, Richter CF (1956) Earthquake magnitude, intensity, energy and acceleration (second paper). Bull Seismol Soc Am 46(2):105–145

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hanks TC, Kanamori H (1979) A moment magnitude scale. J Geophys Res 84(5):2348–2350. https://doi.org/10.1029/JB084iB05p02348

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • http://www.brtt.com/software.html

  • http://www.isc.ac.uk/iscbulletin/search/fmechanisms/

  • https://www.emsc-csem.org/Earthquake/index_tensors.php

  • Ionescu C, Popa M, Neagoe C, Ghica DV (2020) Seismic Monitoring and data processing at the National Institute for Earth Physics—Romania. Summ Bull Int Seismol Cent 55(I):30–42

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ismail-Zadeh A, Matenco L, Radulian M, Cloetingh S, Panza G (2012) Geodynamics and intermediate-depth seismicity in Vrancea (the south-eastern Carpathians): current state-of-the art. Tectonophysics 530:50–79

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kanamori H (1983) Magnitude scale and quantification of earthquakes. Tectonophysics 93:185–199

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kanamori H, Jennings PC (1978) Determination of local magnitude, ML from strong-motion accelerograms. Bull Seismol Soc Am 68(2):471–485

    Google Scholar 

  • Kennett BLN, Engdahl ER (1991) Travel times for global earthquake location and phase association. Geophys J Int 105:429–465

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Knapp JH, Knapp CC, Raileanu V, Matenco L, Mocanu V, Dinu C (2005) Crustal constraints on the origin of mantle seismicity in the Vrancea Zone, Romania: the case for active continental lithospheric delamination. Tectonophysics 410(1–4):311–323

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kronrod T, Radulian M, Panza G, Popa M, Paskaleva I, Radovanovich S, Pekevski L (2013) Integrated transnational macroseismic data set for the strongest earthquakes of Vrancea (Romania). Tectonophysics 590:1–23

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lancieri M, Zollo A (2008) A Bayesian approach to the real time estimation of magnitude from the early P and S wave displacement peaks. J Geophys Res 113:B12302. https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JB005386

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Manea EF, Cioflan CO, Coman A, Michel C, Poggi V, Fäh D (2020) Estimating geophysical bedrock depth using single station analysis and geophysical data in the extra-Carpathian area of Romania. Pure Appl Geophys 177(10):4829–4844

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Manea EF, Cioflan CO, Danciu L (2022) Ground-motion models for Vrancea intermediate-depth earthquakes. Earthquake Spectra 38(1):407–431. https://doi.org/10.1177/87552930211032985

  • Marmureanu A, Craiu M, Craiu A, Neagoe C, Radulescu S, Ionescu C (2015) Vrancea earthquake early warning system: first tests to add location capabilities. Acta Geod Geophys 50:121–130

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Marmureanu A, Ionescu C, Grecu B, Toma-Danila D, Tiganescu A, Neagoe C, Toader V, Craifaleanu IG, Dragomir CS, Meiţă V, Liashchuk OI, Dimitrova L, Ilieş I (2021) From national to transnational seismic monitoring products and services in the Republic of Bulgaria, Republic of Moldova, Romania, and Ukraine. Seismol Res Lett 92(3):1685–1703

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Martin M, Wenzel F, CALIXTO working group (2006) High-resolution teleseismic body-wave tomography beneath SE Romania---II. Imaging of a slab detachment scenario. Geophys J Int 164(3):579–595

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mayeda K (1993) Mb (Lg Coda): a stable single station estimator of magnitude. Bull Seismol Soc Am 83:851–861

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mayeda K, Walter WR (1996) Moment, energy, stressdrop, and source spectra of western United States earthquakes from regional coda envelopes. J Geophys Res 101(B5):195–208

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mayeda K, Hofstetter A, O’Boyle J, Walter WR (2003) Stable and transportable regional magnitudes based on coda-derived moment-rate spectra. Bull Seismol Soc Am 93:224–239

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Oth A, Wenzel F, Radulian M (2007) Source parameters of intermediate-depth Vrancea (Romania) from empirical Green’s functions modeling. Tectonophysics 438(1–4):33–56

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ottemoller L, Havskov J (2003) Moment magnitude determination for local and regional earthquakes based on source spectra. Bull Seismol Soc Am 93(1):203–214

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Radulian M, Mandrescu N, Panza G, Popescu E, Utale A (2000) Characterization of seismogenic zones of Romania, In: Seismic Hazard of the Circum-Pannonian Region Springer, pp 57–77

  • Raykova P (2020) Estimation of earthquake source parameters using P and S-waves spectra- case study the 2012 seismic cluster in Sofia seismogenic zone. https://doi.org/10.34975/bgj-2020.43.6

  • Richter CF (1935) An instrumental earthquake magnitude scale. Bull Seismol Soc Am 25:1–32

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Satriano C (2022) SourceSpec – Earthquake source parameters from P- or S-wave displacement spectra (v1.6). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6954238

  • Tugui A, Craiu M, Rogozea M, Popa M, Radulian M (2009) Seismotectonics of Vrancea (Romania) zone: the case of crustal seismicity in the foredeep area. Rom Rep Phys 61(2):325–334

    Google Scholar 

  • Wald DJ, Quitoriano V, Heaton TH, Kanamori H, Scrivner CW, Worden CB (2019) TriNet “ShakeMaps”: rapid generation of peak ground motion and intensity maps for earthquakes in Southern California. Earthq Spectra. https://doi.org/10.1193/1.1586057

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yao Q, Wang D, Fang LH et al (2019) Rapid estimation of magnitudes of large damaging earthquakes in and around Japan using dense seismic stations in China. Bull Seismol Soc Am 109(6):2545–2555. https://doi.org/10.1785/0120190107

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This study was carried out within the National Research Program (Project MULTIRISC No PN19080201) and partially by a grant of the Romanian Ministry of Education and Research, CCCDI—UEFISCDI, DETACHED project, PN-III-P2-2.1-PED-2019-1195, within PNCDI III and SETTING project, co-funded from the Regional Development European Fund (FEDR) through the Operational Competitivity Programme 2014-2020, Contract No. 336/390012. The seismic networks cited are the Romanian Seismic Network (RSN, https://doi.org/10.7914/SN/RO). The Editor-in-Chief greatly acknowledges the constructive comments of the Reviewers and the Associate Editor.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. National Institute for Earth Physics, Calugareni, 12, Măgurele, Ilfov, Romania

    M. Craiu, A. Craiu, M. Mihai & A. Marmureanu

Authors
  1. M. Craiu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. A. Craiu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. M. Mihai
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. A. Marmureanu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to M. Craiu.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

On behalf of all authors, the corresponding author states that there is no conflict of interest.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Craiu, M., Craiu, A., Mihai, M. et al. An automatic procedure for earthquake analysis using real-time data. Acta Geod Geophys 58, 1–18 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40328-023-00402-1

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40328-023-00402-1

Keywords

Search

Navigation