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The prognostic significance of insulin resistance in COVID-19: a review

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Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Objectives

Emerging publications indicate that diabetes predisposes patients with COVID-19 to more severe complications, which is partly attributed to inflammatory condition. In the current review, we reviewed recent published literature to provide evidence on the role of insulin resistance (IR) in diabetes, the association between diabetes and COVID-19 severity and mortality, the impact of COVID-19 infection on incident new-onset diabetes, mechanisms responsible for IR in COVID-19 patients, and the predictive value of different surrogates of IR in COVID-19.

Method

The literature search performs to find out studies that have assessed the association between IR surrogates and morbidity and mortality in patients with COVID-19.

Results

We showed that there is a bulk of evidence in support of the fact that diabetes is a potent risk factor for enhanced morbidity and mortality in COVID-19 patients. COVID-19 patients with diabetes are more prone to remarkable dysglycemia compared to those without diabetes, which is associated with an unfavourable prognosis. Furthermore, SARS-COV2 can make patients predispose to IR and diabetes via activating ISR, affecting RAAS signaling pathway, provoking inflammation, and changing the expression of PPARɣ and SREBP-1. Additionally, higher IR is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in COVID-19 patients and different surrogates of IR can be utilized as a prognostic biomarker for COVID-19 patients.

Conclusion

Different surrogates of IR can be utilized as predictors of COVID-19 complications and death.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Health Information Technology, Khalkhal University of Medical Sciences, Khalkhal, Iran

    Esmaeil Mehraeen

  2. School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Faeze Abbaspour

  3. Department of Preventive Cardiology and Lipidology, Medical University of Lodz (MUL), 93338, Lodz, Poland

    Maciej Banach

  4. Iranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS, Iranian Institute for Reduction of High Risk Behaviors, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    SeyedAhmad SeyedAlinaghi

  5. School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran

    Ameneh Zarebidoki

  6. Prevention of Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, No. 24, Parvaneh Street, Velenjak, P.O. Box 19395-4763, Tehran, Iran

    Seyed Saeed Tamehri Zadeh

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Conceptualization: SSTZ; data curation: SSTZ, EM, FA, AZ; writing—original draft preparation: SSTZ, FA; review and editing: MB, EM, SASA; preparing figures: AZ.

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Mehraeen, E., Abbaspour, F., Banach, M. et al. The prognostic significance of insulin resistance in COVID-19: a review. J Diabetes Metab Disord (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40200-024-01385-8

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