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The association between frailty and body composition among the elderly: Birjand Longitudinal Aging Study (BLAS)

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Abstract

Background

This study aims to assess the possible relationship between frailty and anthropometric indices in older adults using data from the first phase of the Birjand Longitudinal Aging Study (BLAS).

Methods

In this cross-sectional study, we assessed the association between frailty (Frailty index (FI) and Fried frailty phenotype) and body composition indices in 1364 participants aged ≥ 60 years (September 2018 to April 2019). Analysis was conducted using one-way ANOVA and ordinal logistic regression.

Results

Participants were categorized as frail (n = 164), non-frail (n = 415), and pre-frail (n = 785) based on FI. A significant positive association was observed between the frailty and body mass index (BMI) (OR: 1.04, 95% CI:1.01- 1.07), waist circumference (WC) (OR: 1.02, 95% CI: 1.01- 1.03), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) (OR: 2.36, 95% CI 1.05- 5.27) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) (OR: 1.27, 95%CI: 1.09- 1.47). Body shape index, body roundness index, and body adiposity index showed no significant association with frailty. Moreover, a BMI greater than 29 kg/m2 increased the odds of frailty and prefrailty by 79% (OR = 1.79, 95%CI = 1.30- 2.46, P < 0.001).

Conclusion

Results of this study showed that the risk of frailty increases as BMI and abdominal obesity indices increase. Therefore, BMI and abdominal obesity indices (WC, WHR, and WHtR) could serve as suitable tools for evaluating frailty in the elderly. However, additional studies are needed to evaluate the utility of the newly developed anthropometric indices in older adults.

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Data availability

The datasets generated during the current study are not publicly available due to ethical concerns but are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

We are grateful to the participants in this study and the people who had any cooperation

Funding

Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute funded this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Maysa Eslami & Farzad Pourghazi

  2. Elderly Health Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Hossein Fakhrzadeh, Seyed Masoud Arzaghi & Farshad Sharifi

  3. Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran

    Mitra Moodi, Huriye Khodabakhshi & Masoumeh Khorashadizadeh

  4. School of Health, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran

    Mitra Moodi

  5. Faculty of Medicine and Health, Department of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia

    Zohreh Sajadi Hezaveh

  6. Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Hanieh-Sadat Ejtahed

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  1. Maysa Eslami
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  9. Hanieh-Sadat Ejtahed
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Contributions

FS, MM, and HSE came up with the idea and designed the study. ZSH, SMA, MK, and HK contributed to collecting data. FS was the biostatistics advisor of this study. ME, FP, and HF drafted and revised the final manuscript, All of the authors read the final manuscript and approved it.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Hanieh-Sadat Ejtahed or Farshad Sharifi.

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Ethics approval and consent to participate

This study was approved by the research ethical committee of Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute (EMRI), Tehran University of Medical Sciences ( Ethical code: IR.TUMS.EMRI.REC.1396.00158) and ethical committee of Birjand University of Medical Sciences (Ethical code: IR.BUMS.Rec.1397.282) written informed consent was obtained from all participants before participation. All methods were carried out in accordance with relevant institutional guidelines and regulations.

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Eslami, M., Fakhrzadeh, H., Pourghazi, F. et al. The association between frailty and body composition among the elderly: Birjand Longitudinal Aging Study (BLAS). J Diabetes Metab Disord (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40200-023-01373-4

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