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The potential role of plantains, moringa, plantain-moringa combined diets, and other plant-based dietary patterns in controlling glycaemia among T2DM persons, a hospital based cross sectional survey in Ghana

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Abstract

Background

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an independent risk-factor for cardiovascular diseases. Plant-based dietary-patterns have been shown to reverse the effects of these cardiovascular risk-factors. Our study therefore aimed to investigate the potential roles moringa, moringa-plantain combined, and other plant based dietary-patterns could play in controlling glycaemia among persons with type-2-diabetes Mellitus (T2DM).

Methods

Facility-based cross-sectional-study was conducted among 530 T2DM patients from August 2018 to September 2019 in Ghana. Structured-questionnaires were used to collect demographic, anthropometric, and clinical variables. Adherence to plant-based dietary-patterns were assessed using 3-day food record. SPSS version-20 was used to analyse the data.

Results

BMI, HbA1c%, HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol were significantly correlated with adherence to plant-based dietary-patterns (p-value < 0.05). After adjusting for physical activity, adherence to plantain diets Standardized regression coefficient β (95%CI): -0.098 (-0.321, -0.022), yam β (95%CI): 0.148 (0.066, 0.496), moringa diets β (95%CI): -0.095 (-0.325,-0.011) and bean-diets β (95%CI): -0.112 (-0.577, -0.007) were significantly associated with glycemic control. Adherence to plantain-moriga combined diets β (95%CI): -0.406 (-0.413, -0.049) and plantain-beans combined diets β (95%CI): -0.128 (-0.188, -0.038) were also significantly associated with glycemic control.

Conclusion

Adherence to plantain, yam, beans, plantain-moriga combined diets, and plantain-beans combined diets could be associated with glycemic-control. Health care workers should prioritize these plant-based dietary-patterns for disease prevention and health promotion.

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Data Availability

The datasets generated and/or analyzed during the current study are not publicly available but are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

We acknowledge the regional director of health services in Brong Ahafo region, all the medical superintendents, and laboratory scientists in the various hospitals who provided technical support in this study. We also acknowledge all the participants who took part in this study.

All authors have read and approved the manuscript, and declared no conflict of interest.

Funding

This study was funded by Tehran University of Medical Sciences.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. International Campus, Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran

    Be-Ikuu Dominic Doglikuu

  2. Ministry of Health, Nursing and Midwifery Training College, TwifoPraso, Central Region, Ghana

    Be-Ikuu Dominic Doglikuu

  3. Department of Global and International Health, School of Public Health, University of Development Studies (UDS), Tamale, Ghana

    Abdulai Abubakari

  4. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Mehdi Yaseri

  5. Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Elham Shakibazadeh

  6. Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran

    Abolghassem Djazayery & Khadijeh Mirzaei

Authors
  1. Be-Ikuu Dominic Doglikuu
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  2. Abdulai Abubakari
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  3. Mehdi Yaseri
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  4. Elham Shakibazadeh
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  5. Abolghassem Djazayery
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  6. Khadijeh Mirzaei
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Contributions

BDD collected and analyzed the data and wrote the manuscript.

AA obtained ethical clearance in Ghana for this study, supervised the data collection, and proofread the final version of the manuscript before submission.

YM supervised the data analysis and proofread the final version before submission.

SE proofread the final version of the manuscript before submission.

AD acquired funding for the study, supervised the data collection process, and proofread the final version of the manuscript before submission.

MK supervised, coordinated the study, took part in the data collection took p art in the data analysis and wrote the manuscript.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Abolghassem Djazayery or Khadijeh Mirzaei.

Ethics declarations

Ethical approval

This study protocol was approved by Ghana Health Service Ethics Review Committee (GHS-ERC008/08/18) and Tehran University of Medical Sciences Ethics Review board (IR.TUMS.VCR.REC.1397.409).

Consent for publication

Not applicable.

Competing interests

All authors declare no conflict of interest in this study.

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Doglikuu, BI.D., Abubakari, A., Yaseri, M. et al. The potential role of plantains, moringa, plantain-moringa combined diets, and other plant-based dietary patterns in controlling glycaemia among T2DM persons, a hospital based cross sectional survey in Ghana. J Diabetes Metab Disord 20, 1529–1536 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40200-021-00896-y

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