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Investigation of friction stir welding process applied to ASTM 572 steel plate cladded with Inconel®625

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Abstract

This study investigates friction stir welding (FSW) in the dissimilar joining process of cladded plates. Samples of 4-mm thick ASTM 572 steel plate cladded with 3-mm thick Inconel®625 represent the base material. In order to limit mixing between the dissimilar materials to keep the corrosion resistance, a two-pass welding procedure was applied. Optimal welding parameters for each pass were identified. The welded specimens were evaluated by light microscopy, SEM equipped with EDS, and mechanical tests such as hardness, bending, and tensile testing. Defect-free joints with excellent surface finish have been obtained with a well-defined interfacial region between both materials. The FSW process changed the microstructure of both metals used in this study to a new refined grain region into the weld with complex microstructure inside the ASTM 572 steel, as well as change from a dendritic to an equiaxial microstructure in the Inconel®625. The breaking and the distribution of the intermetallic and secondary phases of the nickel alloy were promoted by the FSW process, moreover the second welding pass on the Inconel® tempered the steel which had previously been welded in the first FSW weld pass. The mechanical properties within the welding zone increased due to this microstructural rearrangement coupled with the Hall-Petch effect.

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Acknowledgments

The authors gratefully acknowledge the support given by the following laboratories: Physical Metallurgical Laboratory (LAMEF) in Brazil and Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht in Germany. Also, the authors would like to thank the financial support given by the National Council for Research and Development (CNPq), Shell Brasil Petróleo Ltda, and National Agency of Petroleum, Natural Gas and Biofuel (ANP - Commitment to investment in Research and Development). BK acknowledges financial support from DAAD via funds of the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) under project number 57446973. RML received support from CNPq via project number 205724/2017-5, and CRdLL received financial support of CAPES PROBRAL- 88881.198810/2018-01.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Institute of Materials Research, Materials Mechanics, Solid State Joining Processes (WMP), Max-Planck-Straße 1, Geesthacht, 21502, Germany

    Renan Mensch Landell, Cleber Rodrigo de Lima Lessa, Luciano Bergmann, Jorge Fernandez dos Santos & Benjamin Klusemann

  2. Physical Metallurgy Laboratory (LAMEF) - PPGE3M/UFRGS, Av. Osvaldo Aranha 99 s.610, 90035-190, Porto Alegre, Brazil

    Renan Mensch Landell & Carlos Eduardo Fortis Kwietniewski

  3. Federal Institute of Rio Grande do Sul (IFRS) , R. Avelino Antônio de Souza 1730, 95043-700, Caxias do Sul, Brazil

    Cleber Rodrigo de Lima Lessa

  4. Institute of Product and Process Innovation, Leuphana University of Lüneburg, Universitätsallee 1, Lüneburg, 21335, Germany

    Benjamin Klusemann

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  1. Renan Mensch Landell
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  2. Cleber Rodrigo de Lima Lessa
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Correspondence to Cleber Rodrigo de Lima Lessa.

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Landell, R.M., de Lima Lessa, C.R., Bergmann, L. et al. Investigation of friction stir welding process applied to ASTM 572 steel plate cladded with Inconel®625. Weld World 65, 393–403 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40194-020-01007-w

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40194-020-01007-w

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