Abstract
Graphite was successfully brazed to TZM alloy using the Ti-56Ni, Ti-8.5Si, Ti-33Cr and Ti-30V-3Mo brazing filler materials, respectively, and the corresponding brazing temperatures ranged from 1300 to 1700 °C. The results show that the microstructure of TZM/graphite braze metal was composed of NiTi and Ni3Ti compounds when using Ti-56Ni brazing filler, and the discontinuous TiC compounds were found at the Ti-56Ni/graphite side. When using the Ti-8.5Si, Ti-33Cr and Ti-30V-Mo brazing fillers, the metallurgical combination was obtained due to the formation of the Ti-Mo solid solution at the TZM/brazing filler side and the TiC reaction layer at the graphite/brazing filler side. The fracture was occurred at the interface of TiC/graphite during shear test, which indicated the poorer bonding strength between the graphite and granular TiC.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Yamada Y, Yanase M, Miura D, Chikuba K (2016) Novel heatsink for power semiconductor module using high thermal conductivity graphite. Microelectron Reliab 64:484–488
Ghosh S, Chakraborty R, Dandapat N, Pal KS, Basu D (2012) Characterization of alumina–alumina/graphite/monel superalloy brazed joints. Ceram Int 38(1):663–670
Dong L, Chen W, Hou L, Wang J, Song J (2017) Metallurgical and mechanical examinations of molybdenum/graphite joints by vacuum arc pressure brazing using Ti-Zr filler materials. J Mater Process Technol 249:39–45
Mao Y, Peng L, Wang S, Xi L (2017) Microstructural characterization of graphite/CuCrZr joints brazed with CuTiH2Ni-based fillers. J Alloys Compd 716:81–87
Zhang J, Wang T, Liu C, He Y (2014) Effect of brazing temperature on microstructure and mechanical properties of graphite/copper joints. Mater Sci Eng A 594:26–31
He Y, Yang J, Shen H, Wang L, Gao Z (2016) Brazing graphite to hastelloy N superalloy using pure-Au filler metal: bonding mechanism and joint properties. Mater Des 104:1–9
Yu W, Liu S, Liu X, Liu M, Shi W (2015) Interface reaction in ultrasonic vibration-assisted brazing of aluminum to graphite using Sn-Ag-Ti solder foil. J Mater Process Technol 221:285–290
Leitner DLK, Knabl W, Eidenberger-Schober M, Huber K, Lorich A, Clemens H, Maier-Kiener V (2018) Grain boundary segregation engineering in as-sintered molybdenum for improved ductility. Scr Mater 156:60–63
Zhang L, Pei J, Zhang L, Long J, Zhang J, JooNa S (2019) Laser seal welding of end plug to thin-walled nanostructured high-strength molybdenum alloy cladding with a zirconium interlayer. J Mater Process Technol 267:338–347
Song XG, Han GH, Hu SP, Zhao HY, Li Y, Wang MR, Shi B (2019) Evaluation of TZM/ZrCp-W joint brazed with Ti-35Ni filler: microstructure and mechanical properties. Mater Sci Eng A 742:190–200
Hatami Ramsheh H, Faghihi Sani MA, Kokabi AH (2013) Microstructure and mechanical properties of MoSi2–MoSi2 joints brazed by Ag-Cu-Zr interlayer. Mater Des 49:197–202
Han G, Bian H, Zhao H, Song X, Li Y, Liu D, Cao J, Feng J (2018) Interfacial microstructure and mechanical properties of TZM alloy and ZrC particle reinforced tungsten composite joint brazed using Ti-61Ni filler. J Alloys Compd 747:266–275
Tabernig B, Reheis N (2010) Joining of molybdenum and its application. Int J Refract Met Hard Mater 28(6):728–733
Chan H, Liaw DW, Shiue RK (2004) Microstructural evolution of brazing Ti–6Al–4V and TZM using silver-based braze alloy. Mater Lett 58(7–8):1141–1146
Han G, Wang Y, Zhao H, Song X, Cao J, Feng J (2017) Vacuum brazing of TZM alloy to ZrC particle reinforced W composite using Ti-28Ni eutectic brazing alloy. Int J Refract Met Hard Mater 69:240–246
Song X, Tian X, Zhao H, Si X, Han G, Feng J (2016) Interfacial microstructure and joining properties of titanium-zirconium-molybdenum alloy joints brazed using Ti-28Ni eutectic brazing alloy. Mater Sci Eng A 653:115–121
Wei-Hsing T, Tsung-Te C, Ching-Ti K, Wang S-Y, Biing-Jyh W (2018) Thermal diffusivity of graphite paper and its joint with alumina substrate. J Eur Ceram Soc 38(1):187–191
Zhang L, Zhang B, Sun Z, Tian X, Lei M, Feng J (2019) Tailoring microstructure and mechanical performance of the graphite-Ni based superalloy brazed combination used for molten salt reactors through thermal exposure. J Alloys Compd 782:981–985
Chen Z, Bian H, Hu S, Song X, Feng J (2018) Surface modification on wetting and vacuum brazing behavior of graphite using AgCu filler metal. Surf Coat Technol 348:104–110
Mao Y, Yu S, Zhang Y, Guo B, Deng Q (2015) Microstructure analysis of graphite/Cu joints brazed with (Cu-50TiH2)+B composite filler. Fusion Eng Des 100:152–158
Kimiaki N, Yoshihisa S, Yoshinari M, Kazuhiro N (2012) Characteristics of dissimilar laser-brazed joints of isotropic graphite to WC–Co alloy. Mater Sci Eng B 177(7):520–523
Funding
This work is supported by Zhongyuan High Level Talents Special Support Plan (Grant No. 204200510031), and Zhengzhou Major Science and Technology Innovation Special Project (Grant No. 2019CXZX0065), and Open Fund of National Joint Engineering Research Center for Abrasion Control and Molding of Metal Materials (Grant No. HKDNM2019011).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher’s note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Recommended for publication by Commission XVII - Brazing, Soldering and Diffusion Bonding
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Lu, Q., Long, W., Zhong, S. et al. TZM/graphite interface behavior in high-temperature brazing by Ti-based brazing filler materials. Weld World 64, 1877–1885 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40194-020-00967-3
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40194-020-00967-3