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Joining of TWIP-matrix composites by electron beam brazing

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Abstract

Zirconia reinforced, high alloy TWIP steels offer unique mechanical properties, due to the combination of stress- and deformation-induced phase transformations within the matrix and particles. However, these composites are considered as non-weldable, due to the strong evaporation of zirconia during fusion welding. In this work, an alternative approach for the joining of zirconia reinforced TWIP steels by electron beam brazing is presented. The electron beam was chosen as heat source due to its outstanding reproducibility of parameters, the independence of energy input from the materials surface, the inert vacuum atmosphere, and the flexibility of the energy transfer function. For the experiments, a stainless steel and a Fe-Cr-Mn-Ni-based TWIP steel reinforced with zirconia were brazed as butt joints with a Ni-based filler. The samples were characterized by light optical microscopy and EBSD measurements to evaluate the microstructure. Furthermore, Martens hardness and tensile tests were performed to characterize the mechanical properties of both, the fusion zone and the joints. It was shown that TWIP matrix composites with zirconia particles can be successfully brazed with Ni filler. With an optimized energy transfer function, the distortion of the butt joints can be minimized. After brazing with Ni-based filler, the brazing zone contains ≈ 35 to 50% brittle phases. During tensile tests, rupture took place within the brazing zone alongside the brittle phases. Nevertheless, the samples exhibited a maximum tensile strength of 358 MPa.

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Acknowledgements

This work was financially supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG) within the framework of the Collaborative Research Center “TRIP matrix composites” (CRC 799, subproject A7). The authors gratefully acknowledge Dr. S. Martin for his helpful discussions and the realization of the EBSD investigations, Dipl.-Ing. N. Klose for the SEM investigation as well as G. Bittner for the hardness measurements.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Materials Engineering, Technical University Bergakademie Freiberg, Gustav-Zeuner-Str. 5, 09599, Freiberg, Germany

    Lars Halbauer, Paul Proksch, Anja Buchwalder, Rolf Zenker & Horst Biermann

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  1. Lars Halbauer
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  2. Paul Proksch
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  3. Anja Buchwalder
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  4. Rolf Zenker
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  5. Horst Biermann
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Correspondence to Lars Halbauer.

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Recommended for publication by Commission IV - Power Beam Processes

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Halbauer, L., Proksch, P., Buchwalder, A. et al. Joining of TWIP-matrix composites by electron beam brazing. Weld World 62, 19–27 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40194-017-0519-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40194-017-0519-9

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