Abstract
As consequence for increasing threats by IEDs (Improvised Explosive Devices) on vehicles, the blast resistance of the welded frames and bodies becomes increasingly important. Considering vehicle welds subjected to blasting, the real configurations of the joints in the structure and the position of the blast loads have to be considered. The present contribution thus focuses on a weld joint at the explosion endangered wheel well of a tactical truck. The high-strength steel welds were subsequently impacted by explosion loads within the upper range from those experienced in practical military operation to cause not only deformation, but also to investigate the ultimate fracture behaviour of the high-strength weld. The interaction between cooling time t8/5 and displacement, crack path as well as fracture surface was analysed. The analyses of the fracture surfaces revealed ductile overload failure and also the size of the dimples was influenced by the cooling time t8/5. As a prominent feature, these investigations showed that the crack path of such high-strength steel welds under blasting is less influenced by the final hardness level in the respective weld microstructures but much more affected by the hardness gradient at the fusion line and inside the Heat Affected Zone (HAZ).
Similar content being viewed by others
References
(2012) Joint IED organization: counter-improvised explosive device strategic plan, JIEDDO 2012-1016. Washington DC
Ramasamy A, Hill AM, Masouros SD, Gordon F, Clasper JC, Bull AMJ (2011) Evaluating the effect of vehicle modification in reducing injuries from landmine blasts. An analysis of 2212 incidents and its application for humanitarian purposes. Accident, analysis and prevention 43(5):1878–1886
Friedlander FG (1946) The diffraction of sound pulses I-diffraction by a semi-infinite plate. Proc R Soc 186:322–344
Kinney GF, Graham KJ (1985) Explosive shocks in air. Springer, New York, 269 pp
Hartbower CE, Pellini WS (1951) Investigation of factors which determine the performance of weldments. Weld J 499s–511s
Hartbower CE, Pellini WS (1951) Explosion bulge test studies of the deformation of weldments. Weld J 307s–318s
(2002) NAVSEA technical publication: T9074-BD-GIB-010/0300: base materials for critical applications: requirements for low alloy steel plate, forgings, castings, shapes, bars, and heads of HY-80/100/130 and HSLA-80/100
Pellini W (1952) Use and interpretation of the NRL explosion bulge test. National Research Lab, Washington
Mikhalapov GS (1951) Final report on evaluation of ship welding procedures by direct explosion testing. In: Department of the navy bureau of ships contract NObs-53383, USA
(2002) ISO/TR 17671-2: welding—recommendations for welding of metallic materials—Part 2
(2005) Böhler welding: union MoNi GMAW solid wire
(2014) ThyssenKrupp steel Europe: secure 450
(1997) DIN EN 22553: welded, brazed and soldered joints
Institute for occupational safety and health of the German social accident insurance : GESTIS-Databases on hazardous substances; 08.10.2014, 13:49 h, http://www.dguv.de/ifa/Gefahrstoffdatenbanken/GESTIS-Stoffdatenbank/index.jsp
Weißbach W (2012) Werkstoffkunde. Vieweg + Teubner, Wiesbaden, 431 pp
Henchie TF, Chung Kim Yuen S, Nurick GN, Ranwaha N, Balden VH (2014) The response of circular plates to repeated uniform blast loads: an experimental and numerical study. Int J Impact Eng 74:36–45, http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0734743X14000682
Tregoning RL (1997) Experimental investigation of mismatched weld joint performance, fatigue and fracture mechanics: 27th volume, ASTM STP 1296. In: Piascik RS, Newman JC, Dowling NE (eds), American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, pp. 427–450
Ganulich BK, Gnyp IP, Pokhmurskii VI (1982) Contact strengthening of soft layers, a translation of Fiziko-Khimicheskaya Makhanika Materialov. Sov Mater Sci 17(3):261–265
Hochhauser F, Ernst W, Rauch R, Vallant R, Enzinger N (2012) Influence of the soft zone on the strength of welded modern HSLA steels. Weld World 56(5):77–85
ISO 18265 (2013) Metallic materials—conversion of hardness values
Visser W, Sun Y, Gregory O, Plume G, Rousseau C-E, Ghonem H (2011) Deformation characteristics of low carbon steel subjected to dynamic impact loading. Mater Sci Eng A 528(27):7857–7866, http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0921509311007362
Asim K, Lee J, Pan J (2012) Failure mode of laser welds in lap-shear specimens of high strength low alloy (HSLA) steel sheets. Fatigue Fract Eng Mater Struct 35(3):219–237. doi:10.1111/j.1460-2695.2011.01609.x
Geffroy A-G, Longère P, Leblé B (2011) Fracture analysis and constitutive modelling of ship structure steel behaviour regarding explosion. Eng Fail Anal 18(2):670–681, http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1350630710001901
Hopkinson B (1914) A method of measuring the pressure produced in the detonation of high explosives or by the impact of bullets. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A, containing papers of a mathematical and physical character, Vol. 213, pp. 437–456
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Recommended for publication by Commission IX - Behaviour of Metals Subjected to Welding
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Falkenreck, T.E., Boellinghaus, T. Blast resistance of high-strength structural steel welds. Weld World 60, 475–483 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40194-016-0307-y
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40194-016-0307-y