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AMB2018-04: Benchmark Physical Property Measurements for Powder Bed Fusion Additive Manufacturing of Polyamide 12

  • Thematic Section: Additive Manufacturing Benchmarks 2018
  • Published:
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Abstract

Laser sintering (LS) of polyamide 12 (PA12) is increasingly being adopted for industrial production of end-use parts, yet the complexity of this process coupled with the lack of organized, rigorous, publicly available process-structure-physical property datasets exposes manufacturers and customers to risks of unacceptably poor part quality and high costs. Although an extensive scientific literature has been developed to address some of these concerns, results are distributed among numerous reports based on different machines, materials, process parameters, and users. In this study, a single commercially important LS PA12 feedstock has been processed along four build dimensions of a modern production LS machine, characterized by a wide range of physical techniques, and compared to the same material formed by conventional melt processing. Results are discussed in the context of the literature, offering novel insights including distributions of particle size and shape, localization of semicrystalline phase changes due to LS processing, effect of chemical aging on melt viscosity, porosity orientation relative to LS build axes, and microstructural effects on tensile properties and failure mechanisms. The resulting datasets will be made publicly available to modelers and practitioners for the purpose of improving certifiability and repeatability of end-use parts manufactured by LS.

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Notes

  1. Identification of specific commercial equipment or materials in this publication is not intended to imply recommendation or endorsement by the Army Research Laboratory, nor is it intended to imply that the materials or equipment identified are necessarily the best available for the purpose

  2. Certain commercial equipment, instruments, or materials are identified in this paper in order to specify the experimental procedure adequately. Such identification is not intended to imply recommendation or endorsement by the National Institute of Standards and Technology, nor is it intended to imply that the materials or equipment identified are necessarily the best available for the purpose.

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Acknowledgments

The authors wish to thank Matt Bartucci, Daniel Cole, John La Scala, and Jian Yu for useful discussions.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Materials and Manufacturing Sciences Division, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Aberdeen, MD, 21005, USA

    Erich D. Bain & Thomas C. Parker

  2. Applied Chemicals and Materials Division, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA

    Edward J. Garboczi

  3. Materials Science and Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899, USA

    Jonathan E. Seppala & Kalman B. Migler

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  1. Erich D. Bain
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Bain, E.D., Garboczi, E.J., Seppala, J.E. et al. AMB2018-04: Benchmark Physical Property Measurements for Powder Bed Fusion Additive Manufacturing of Polyamide 12. Integr Mater Manuf Innov 8, 335–361 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40192-019-00146-3

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