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Diagnosis and Management of Respiratory Adverse Events in the Operating Room

  • Pediatric Anesthesia (J Lerman, Section Editor)
  • Published:
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Abstract

Perioperative respiratory adverse events cause more than three-quarters of all perioperative critical incidents in pediatric anesthesia and approximately half of anesthesia-related cardiac arrests. We can define seven main clinical types of perioperative respiratory adverse events: upper airway obstruction, laryngospasm, bronchospasm, severe persistent cough, apnea, stridor, and oxygen desaturation. Depending on the definitions used for preoperative respiratory adverse events and the cohort of children examined, the incidence varies between 8 and 21 %. This review discusses the recognition and treatment of perioperative respiratory adverse events. Furthermore, it provides guidance on how to identify children who are at increased risk for developing perioperative respiratory adverse events and how to tailor the perioperative anesthetic management for the individual child in order to minimize the risk of perioperative respiratory adverse events.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, 102-118 Murdoch Drive, Murdoch, Perth, WA, 6150, Australia

    Adrian Regli

  2. Intensive Care Unit, Fremantle Hospital, Alma Street, Fremantle, Perth, WA, 6959, Australia

    Adrian Regli

  3. School of Medicine and Pharmacology, The University of Western Australia, 35 Sterling Highway, Crawley, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia

    Adrian Regli

  4. School of Medicine, The Notre Dame University, 38 Henry Street, Fremantle, Perth, WA, 6959, Australia

    Adrian Regli

  5. Department of Anaesthesia and Pain Management, Princess Margaret Hospital for Children, Roberts Road, Subiaco, Perth, WA, 6008, Australia

    Britta S. von Ungern-Sternberg

  6. Chair of Paediatric Anaesthesia, School of Medicine and Pharmacology, The University of Western Australia, 35 Sterling Highway, Crawley, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia

    Britta S. von Ungern-Sternberg

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  1. Adrian Regli
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Correspondence to Britta S. von Ungern-Sternberg.

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This article is part of the Topical Collection on Pediatric Anesthesia.

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Regli, A., von Ungern-Sternberg, B.S. Diagnosis and Management of Respiratory Adverse Events in the Operating Room. Curr Anesthesiol Rep 5, 156–167 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40140-015-0103-z

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