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Effect of Silica Fume−Cement Kiln Dust Columns on the Strength and Compressibility of Black Cotton Soil

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Abstract

Increasing population and demand mandate further urbanization and industrialization. These developments are typically associated with increasing waste generation. Safe disposal of these wastes is a serious challenge faced over the recent decades. For this purpose, recycling and reuse are deemed as a more sustainable approach to waste disposal. Soil stabilization using slags, fly ash, rice husk ash, and other industrial wastes and/or by-products are among the most recommended options considering environmental well-being. The silica fume (SF) and cement kiln dust (CKD) are such by-products from the industry. Excess volume change in Black Cotton (BC) soil (a recognized expansive soil) subjected to variation in seasonal moisture is one of the highly cited geotechnical issues needing sustainable solutions. The literature predominantly highlights mixing soil with such wastes/by-products to study their properties. Nevertheless, the mixing technique may not be practical in stabilizing BC soil strata in the field. This paper, therefore, ascertains the influence of supplementing SF and CKD on the unconfined compressive strength (UCS) and consolidation of BC soils. Columns with varying compositions of SF and CKD were inserted into the BC samples. BC samples with SF-CKD columns were tested in the laboratory. Observations show a close to 80% increase in the UCS values for BC soil with SF:CKD (75:25) column at 28 days curing. These samples also showed a reduction in swell potential and swell pressures by 86% and 89%, respectively. The results, therefore, conclude that the SF-CKD columns have a good potential in improving the BC soil, thus should be investigated further.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Ms. Ranjita N. Havanur for assisting to carry out the experiments. The authors are grateful to the cement factory, Wadi, and Silicon alloy plant Vishakhapatnam, for providing chemical additives. The support rendered from the Faculty of Engineering Civil, UVCE, and Bangalore University in terms of the facilities for conducting experiments in the Geotechnical Engineering laboratory is highly acknowledged.

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This research did not receive a specific grant for conducting the study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Engineering Civil, University Visvesvaraya College of Engineering, Gnana Bharati Campus, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560056, India

    B. K. Renuka, B. S. Pankaja & H. N. Ramesh

  2. Civil Engineering Discipline, School of Engineering, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

    Mavinakere Eshwaraiah Raghunandan

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  1. B. K. Renuka
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  2. B. S. Pankaja
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  3. H. N. Ramesh
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  4. Mavinakere Eshwaraiah Raghunandan
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Correspondence to H. N. Ramesh.

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Renuka, B.K., Pankaja, B.S., Ramesh, H.N. et al. Effect of Silica Fume−Cement Kiln Dust Columns on the Strength and Compressibility of Black Cotton Soil. Indian Geotech J 52, 979–988 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40098-022-00626-y

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