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Prediction of Strength Development in Black Cotton Soil Stabilised with Chemical Additives

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Abstract

Black cotton soil is found in many states of India and is found to be problematic soil for construction. It has low shear strength, high swelling, shrinkage and compressibility characteristics. As costs of waste disposal, transport and materials procurement continue to increase, the use of ground improvement techniques to prepare problematic soils for construction has become much more popular. The increased land use pattern has put pressure to develop techniques for ground improvement of problematic soil deposits. The ground improvement techniques are generally based on densification, inclusion of reinforcement, cementation and provision of drainage etc., these days chemical additives are becoming popular due to their resistance to seasonal changes, increase in strength with curing and longer serviceability. Generally lime and cement are widely used to improve black cotton soil having high swelling and compressibility. In this paper, an attempt is made to stabilise black cotton soil using Industrial by products such as calcium carbide residue (CCR), lime, sodium silicate and sodium silicate + lime (SS + L) blend. In this study an attempt is made to identify the effect of these chemical additives on Atterberg’s limits and compaction characteristics and critical factors governing the strength development of black cotton soil specimen stabilised with CCR, lime and sodium silicate + lime. The results have shown that the plasticity index decreases to 1/3rd of the initial value. The compaction behaviour is greatly influenced by soil pore fluid interaction and its effect on diffused double layer and soil structure. The combination of optimum content of sodium silicate and lime for black cotton soil stabilization is stable from the durability point of view. It is also found that the clay-water/admixture ratio (Wc/Admixture) and the curing period are the prime parameters controlling the strength development. Based on these parameters and Abrams’ law, the strength prediction equations for various curing times and combinations of clay-water content and chemical additive content are proposed and verified.

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Acknowledgments

We take this opportunity to express our gratitude and appreciation to all those who have helped us directly or indirectly towards the successful completion of the present work. We would like to thank  our institution “Siddaganga Institute of Technology (SIT)”, Tumakuru, which provided facilities for this work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Civil Engineering, Siddaganga Institute of Technology, Tumkur, 572103, India

    P. C. Naveena

  2. ATKINS India Pvt. Ltd., Bangalore, 560052, India

    P. C. Naveena, S. V. Dinesh, B. Gowtham & T. S. Umesh

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  1. P. C. Naveena
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  2. S. V. Dinesh
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  3. B. Gowtham
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  4. T. S. Umesh
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Correspondence to S. V. Dinesh.

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Naveena, P.C., Dinesh, S.V., Gowtham, B. et al. Prediction of Strength Development in Black Cotton Soil Stabilised with Chemical Additives. Indian Geotech J 47, 286–302 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40098-016-0209-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40098-016-0209-3

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