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Novel eco-friendly acacia gum-grafted-polyamidoxime@copper ferrite nanocatalyst for synthesis of pyrazolopyridine derivatives

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Abstract

A novel environmentally friendly polymer-based catalytic system was fabricated for the synthesis of biologically active pyrazolopyridine derivatives. Nanocatalyst was fabricated in three-step including (I) synthesis of the copper ferrite magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) via co-precipitation method, (II) graft copolymerization of acrylonitrile onto acacia gum (AG) backbone using ammonium persulfate (APS) as an initiator, and N, N'-methylene bisacrylamide (MBA) as a crosslinker in combination with as-prepared copper ferrite, and (III) modification reaction of the as-prepared hydrogel using hydroxylamine hydrochloride reagent to achieve acacia gum-grafted- polyamidoxime/CuFe2O4 (AG-g-PAO/CuFe2O4) hydrogel nanocatalyst. The fabricated hydrogel nanocatalyst was well characterized by different techniques. The results revealed that the fabricated hydrogel nanocatalyst exhibited high thermal stability with ~ 40% char yield at 800 °C. The existence of many acidic and basic sites such as hydroxyl, carboxylic acid, amidoxime, amide, as well as Cu2+ in three-dimensional cross-linked structure caused it was showed a great catalytic performance in the pyrazolopyridine derivatives synthesis. The various corresponding products were synthesized in remarkable yields (90–97%) without difficult work-up procedure in short reaction times (15–40 min). Furthermore, the hydrogel catalyst showed superparamagnetic behavior, so it could be magnetically collected from the reaction mixture and recycled for at least five successive cycles without considerable loss of activity.

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Acknowledgements

All authors thankfully acknowledge the partial support from the Research Council of the Iran University of Science and Technology.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, 16846-13114, Tehran, Iran

    Fereshte Hassanzadeh-Afruzi & Ali Maleki

  2. School of Chemistry, Damghan University, 36716-41167, Damghan, Iran

    Ehsan Nazarzadeh Zare

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  1. Fereshte Hassanzadeh-Afruzi
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Hassanzadeh-Afruzi, F., Maleki, A. & Zare, E.N. Novel eco-friendly acacia gum-grafted-polyamidoxime@copper ferrite nanocatalyst for synthesis of pyrazolopyridine derivatives. J Nanostruct Chem 13, 451–462 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40097-022-00471-8

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