Abstract
In this study, we have modified quintic B-spline base function to use for numerical solution of the Burgers’ equation. For this purpose, the numerical algorithm differential quadrature method and Crank–Nicolson scheme are used for space and time discretization, respectively. To deal with nonlinear terms, they are linearized by using Rubin–Graves technique. To observe the accuracy of the present modification, ten different and important test problems are solved successfully. The present results are compared with earlier single methods and mixed methods to see the efficiency of the present algorithm. All comparisons display that the present approach developed the numerical results according to earlier ones. Numerical simulations are plotted at selected time steps to observe the physical behaviour of the waves in 2D and 3D. The rate of convergence related to space is calculated for different examples and reported with error norms.
Similar content being viewed by others
Change history
26 May 2021
The original online version of this article was revised due to the incorrect reference citations.
12 June 2021
A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40096-021-00415-3
References
Tuan, N.H., Aghdam, Y.E., Jafari, H., Mesgarani, H.: A novel numerical manner for two-dimensional space fractional diffusion equation arising in transport phenomena. Numer. Methods Partial Differ. Eq. 37, 1397–1406 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1002/num.22586
Safdari, H., Mesgarani, H., Javidi, M., Aghdam, Y.E.: Convergence analysis of the space fractional-order diffusion equation based on the compact finite difference scheme. Comput. Appl. Math. 39, 62 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40314-020-1078-z
Mesgarani, H., Rashidinia, J., Aghdam, Y.E., Nikan, O.: Numerical treatment of the space fractional advection-dispersion model arising in groundwater hydrology. Comput. Appl. Math. 40, 22 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40314-020-01410-5
Safdari, H., Aghdam, Y.E., Gomez-Aguilar, J.F.: Shifted Chebyshev collocation of the fourth kind with convergence analysis for the space-time fractional advection-diffusion equation. Eng. Comput. (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00366-020-01092-x
Burgers, J.M.: A mathematical model illustrating the theory of turbulence. Adv. Appl. Mech. 1, 171–199 (1948). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2156(08)70100-5
Singh, A.I.: Burgers equation: A study using method of lines. J. Inf. Optim. Sci. 37(4), 641–652 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1080/02522667.2016.1184454
Wood, W.L.: An exact solution for Burger’s equation. Commun. Numer. Meth. Engng. 22, 797–798 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1002/cnm.850
Wazwaz, A.-M.: Kinks and travelling wave solutions for Burgers-like equations. Appl. Math. Lett. 38, 174–179 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aml.2014.08.003
Ramadan, M.A., El-Danaf, T.S., Abd Alaal, F.E.I.: A numerical solution of the Burgers’ equation using septic B-splines. Chaos, Solitons Fractal. 26, 795–804 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chaos.2005.01.054
Zhu, C.-G., Wang, R.-H.: Numerical solution of Burgers’ equation by cubic B-spline quasi-interpolation. Appl. Math. Comput. 208, 260–272 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amc.2008.11.045
Dogan, A.: A Galerkin finite element approach to Burgers equation. Appl. Math. Comput. 157, 331–346 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amc.2003.08.037
Dağ, I., Irk, D., Şahin, A.: B-spline collocation methods for numerical solutions of the Burgers’ equation. Math. Probl. Eng. 2005(5), 521–538 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1155/MPE.2005.521
Raslan, K.R.: A collocation solution for burgers equation using quadratic B-spline finite elements. Int. J. Comput. Math. 80(7), 931–938 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1080/0020716031000079554
Ashpazzadeh, E., Han, B., Lakestani, M.: Biorthogonal multiwavelets on the interval for numerical solutions of Burgers’ equation. J. Comput. Appl. Math. 317, 510–534 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cam.2016.11.045
Xie, S.-S., Heo, S., Kim, S., Woo, G., Yi, S.: Numerical solution of one-dimensional Burgers’ equation using reproducing kernel function. J. Comput. Appl. Math. 214, 417–434 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cam.2007.03.010
Kutluay, S., Esen, A., Dağ, I.: Numerical solutions of the Burgers’ equation by the least-squares quadratic B-spline finite element method. J. Comput. Appl. Math. 167, 21–33 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cam.2003.09.043
Cecchi, M.M., Nociforo, R., Grego, P.P.: Space-time finite elements numerical solutions of Burgers problems. Matematiche (Catania) 51(1), 43–57 (1996)
Mittal, R.C., Jain, R.K.: Numerical solutions of nonlinear Burgers’ equation with modified cubic B-splines collocation method. Appl. Math. Comput. 218, 7839–7855 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amc.2012.01.05910.1007/s40096-021-00410-8
Mittal, R.C., Singhal, P.: Numerical solution of Burgers’ equation. Commun. Numer. Methods Eng. 9, 397–406 (1993)
Rao, C.H.S., Satyanarayana, E.: Solutions of Burgers Equation. Int. J. Nonlinear Sci. 9(3), 290–295 (2010)
Wu, Z.: Dynamical knot and shape parameter setting for simulating shock wave by using multi-quadric quasi-interpolation. Eng. Anal. Boundary Elem. 29, 354–358 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enganabound.2004.06.004
Wu, Z.: Dynamically knots setting in meshless method for solving time dependent propagations equation. Comput. Methods Appl. Mech. Engrg. 193, 1221–1229 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cma.2003.12.015
Chen, R., Wu, Z.: Solving partial differential equation by using multiquadric quasi-interpolation. Appl. Math. Comput. 186, 1502–1510 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amc.2006.07.160
Seydaoğlu, M.: An accurate approximation algorithm for Burgers’ equation in the presence of small viscosity. J. Comput. Appl. Math. 344, 473–481 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cam.2018.05.063
Ali, A.H.A., Gardner, G.A., Gardner, L.R.T.: A collocation solution for Burgers’ equation using cubic B-spline finite elements. Comput. Methods Appl. Mech. Eng. 100, 325–337 (1992)
Kutluay, S., Esen, A.: A linearized numerical scheme for Burgers-like equations. Appl. Math. Comput. 156, 295–305 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amc.2003.07.011
Korkmaz, A., Dağ, I.: Shock wave simulations using Sinc Differential Quadrature Method. Int. J. Comput. Aided Eng. Softw. 28(6), 654–674 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1108/02644401111154619
Dağ, I., Saka, B., Boz, A.: B-spline Galerkin methods for numerical solutions of the Burgers equation. Appl. Math. Comput. 166, 506–522 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amc.2004.06.078
Saka, B., Dağ, I.: Quartic B-spline collocation method to the numerical solutions of the Burgers’ equation. Chaos, Solitons Fractals 32, 1125–1137 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chaos.2005.11.037
Dağ, I., Irk, D., Saka, B.: A numerical solution of the Burgers’ equation using cubic B-splines. Appl. Math. Comput. 163, 199–211 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amc.2004.01.028
Özis, T., Esen, A., Kutluay, S.: Numerical solution of Burgers equation by quadratic B-spline finite elements. Appl. Math. Comput. 165, 237–249 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amc.2004.04.101
Kutluay, S., Bahadır, A.R., Özdeş, A.: Numerical solution of one-dimensional Burgers equation: explicit and exact-explicit finite difference methods. J. Comput. Appl. Math. 103, 251–261 (1999)
Saka, B., Dağ, I.: A numerical study of the Burgers’ equation. J. Franklin Inst. 345, 328–348 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfranklin.2007.10.004
Dağ, I., Hepson, Ö.E., Kaçmaz, Ö.: The Trigonometric Cubic B-spline Algorithm for Burgers’ Equation. Int. J. Nonlinear Sci. 24(2), 120–128 (2017)
Jiwari, R.: A Haar wavelet quasilinearization approach for numerical simulation of Burgers’ equation. Comput. Phys. Commun. 183, 2413–2423 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpc.2012.06.009
Jiwari, R.: A hybrid numerical scheme for the numerical solution of the Burgers’ equation. Comput. Phys. Commun. 188, 59–67 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpc.2014.11.004
Jiwari, R., Kumar, S., Mittal, R.C.: Meshfree algorithms based on radial basis functions for numerical simulation and to capture shocks behavior of Burgers’ type problems. Eng. Comput. 36(4), 1142–1168 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1108/EC-04-2018-0189
Tamsir, M., Srivastava, V.K., Jiwari, R.: An algorithm based on exponential modified cubic B-spline differential quadrature method for nonlinear Burgers’ equation. Appl. Math. Comput. 290, 111–124 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amc.2016.05.048
Bellman, R., Kashef, B.G., Casti, J.: Differential quadrature: A technique for the rapid solution of nonlinear differential equations. J. Comput. Phys. 10(1), 40–52 (1972). https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9991(72)90089-7
Bellman, R., Kashef, B., Lee, E.S., Vasudevan, R.: Differential Quadrature and Splines. Comput. Math. Appl. 1(3–4), 371–376 (1975). https://doi.org/10.1016/0898-1221(75)90038-3
Başhan, A.: A mixed algorithm for numerical computation of soliton solutions of the coupled KdV equation: Finite difference method and differential quadrature method. Appl. Math. Comput. 360, 42–57 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amc.2019.04.073
Başhan, A.: A mixed method approach to Schrödinger equation: Finite difference method and quartic B-spline based differential quadrature method. Int. J. Optim. Control: Theories Appl. 9(2), 223–235 (2019)
Başhan, A.: An efficient approximation to numerical solutions for the Kawahara equation via modified cubic B-spline differential quadrature method. Mediterr. J. Math. 16, 14 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00009-018-1291-9
Uçar, Y., Yağmurlu, N.M., Başhan, A.: Numerical solutions and stability analysis of modified Burgers equation via modified cubic B-spline differential quadrature methods. Sigma J. Eng. Nat. Sci. 37(1), 129–142 (2019)
Yağmurlu, N.M., Uçar, Y., Başhan, A.: Numerical approximation of the combined KdV-mKdV equation via the quintic B-spline differential quadrature method. Adıyaman Univ. J. Sci. 9(2), 386–403 (2019)
Shu, C.: Differential Quadrature and its application in engineering. Springer-Verlag, London Ltd (2000)
Prenter, P.M.: Splines and Variational Methods. Wiley, New York NY USA (1975)
Rubin, S.G., Graves, R.A.: A cubic spline approximation for problems in fluid mechanics National aeronautics and space administration. Technical Report, Washington (1975)
El-Danaf, T.S.: Efficient and accurate numerical methods for the Burgers' and related partial differential equations. Ph.D. thesis, Menoufia University (1998)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of Interest
The author declares that he has no conflict of interest.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Başhan, A. Nonlinear dynamics of the Burgers’ equation and numerical experiments. Math Sci 16, 183–205 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40096-021-00410-8
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40096-021-00410-8
Keywords
- Burgers’ equation
- Convergence
- Modified quintic B-spline
- Differential quadrature method
- Finite difference method