Prediction of radiation-induced degradation for a FAPbBr₃ perovskite solar cell

Abstract

This study used the equivalent displacement damage dose (EDDD) model to predict radiation-induced damage of formamidinium lead–bromide (FAPbBr₃) perovskite solar cells. The response characteristics of FAPbBr₃ perovskites irradiated with ⁶⁰Co gamma rays were estimated using the light current voltage (LIV) curve, and radiation damage was analyzed in terms of atomic displacement caused by secondary electrons emitted due to gamma rays. The EDDD model was derived in consideration of the nonionizing energy loss of gamma rays (${\mathrm{NIEL}}_{\gamma }$), fluence of gamma rays (${\Phi }_{\gamma })$, and power factor n. Here, the ${\mathrm{NIEL}}_{\gamma }$ was the product of the slowed spectrum of secondary electrons calculated in Geant4 and the NIEL of electrons (${\mathrm{NIEL}}_{e})$ obtained using the SR-NIEL web calculator. In terms of the maximum power output (${P}_{\mathrm{max}}$), the prediction curve for radiation-induced damage derived using the EDDD model was consistent with the experimental results.