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The Identification of Critical Limits of Crown Diameter and Jet Height in Terms of Thermophysical Properties of Liquid Pool and Droplet

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Abstract

Due to droplet impact on the liquid surface, splashing occurs, which is undesirable for many applications, such as spray quenching on a liquid pool. The splashing intensity depends on themophysical properties of the spray fluid, and it is quantified by factors such as crown diameter, crater diameter, jet height and secondary droplet formation rate. Therefore, the role of themophysical properties of both droplet and pool on the above-mentioned parameters is disclosed and the critical limits are also determined as literature does not reveal the above-stated information. In the current investigation, systematic experiments were conducted on both the miscible and immiscible droplets. Five different viscous liquids (Water, Petrol, Kerosene, Diesel and Rice-Bran oil) were used for the droplet, and four types of fluids (Petrol, Kerosene, Diesel and Rice-Bran oil) were selected for the liquid pool. Different Oh and We numbers are considered as the independent variables, and the crown diameter, crater diameter and jet height are taken as the dependent variables. The crown diameter reaches minimum value at Oh = 0.025 and further increment in Oh number, the crown diameter is identified in the plateau region. Similar trend is observed for jet height case also. However, the reverse trend is noticed in case the variation of the dependent variable is quantified with respect to We number. With the increasing temperature, the crown diameter and jet height augment. The droplet impact mapping indicates that the splashing characteristic intensifies when miscible droplet is replaced by immiscible droplet. The jet height in case of immiscible droplet impact is higher than the miscible due to the attainment of highest impact strength among all.

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Abbreviations

d :

Diameter of the impacting droplet (mm)

d 1 :

Diameter of the secondary droplet (formed after a jet breakup) (mm)

d h :

Horizontal diameter of the secondary droplet (mm)

d v :

Vertical diameter of the secondary droplet (mm)

g :

Acceleration due to gravity (m/s2)

h :

Maximum jet height (mm)

v :

Droplet velocity (m/s)

μ :

Dynamic viscosity (mPa s)

\(\rho \) :

Density (kg/m3)

\(\sigma \) :

Surface tension (N/m)

\(\tau \) :

Dimensionless time

RBO:

Rice-bran oil

VR:

Viscosity ratio, droplet viscosity to the liquid pool viscosity

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela, Odisha, 769008, India

    Kollati Prudhvi Ravi Kumar, Abanti Sahoo & Soumya Sanjeeb Mohapatra

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela, Odisha, 769008, India

    Jagannath Debasis Parhi

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Ravi Kumar, K.P., Parhi, J.D., Sahoo, A. et al. The Identification of Critical Limits of Crown Diameter and Jet Height in Terms of Thermophysical Properties of Liquid Pool and Droplet. J. Inst. Eng. India Ser. E (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40034-023-00283-7

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