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Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Modeling of Patient-Specific Hip Implant Under Static and Dynamic Loading Condition Using Finite Element Analysis

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Abstract

Stress and strain shielding are the most common phenomenon shown by the metallic implant which reduces the implant life due to modulus mismatch. It is necessary to have a sufficient knowledge about the induced stress and strain distribution in order to find the suitable implant design with appropriate material combinations. In the present work, a three-dimensional implant model has been developed using real-life patient-specific computed tomographic (CT) data. Two different material models, viz. homogeneous (Ti–6Al–4V) and heterogeneous (Ti–6Al–4V and Ti-35Nb–5Ta-7Zr–0.4O), have been taken into account to demonstrate their mechanical properties like stress, strain and deformation. In addition, the boundary condition has been applied at distal end using ASTM F2996-1 and two different types of loading conditions have been applied (1) static loading using ISO 7206–4:2010(E) standard and (2) dynamic loading using patient-specific constraints, i.e., forces and torsional moment. For dynamic analysis, a patient-specific walking and going downstairs gait motions have been considered to obtain the essential mechanical characteristics. The final outcome reveals that heterogeneous model demonstrates lower von mises stress and approximate similar strain value compared to homogeneous model. It has been observed that the heterogeneous material model demonstrates less von mises stress at peak curve, i.e., 4.7% and 18.81% lesser for walking and going downstairs, respectively. Finally, the validation of the present study with the results of Joshi et al. (ASME Open J Eng 1:011001, 2022) reveals that heterogeneous material model could be preferred over homogeneous material for hip prosthesis.

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Abbreviations

\(\sigma\) :

Von mises stress

\(A\) :

Unit area

\(L\) :

Length of the specimen

\(\varepsilon\) :

Strain

\(\Delta L\) :

Change in length

\(\left( {\sigma_{{{\text{vms}}}}^{{\text{THA}}} } \right)\) :

Avg. VVMS after implantation

\(P\) :

Applied force

\(\delta\) :

Deformation

\(E\) :

Modulus of elasticity

\(L_{0}\) :

Original length

\(\left( {\sigma_{{{\text{vms}}}}^{{\text{pre - THA}}} } \right)\) :

VVMS before implantation

THA:

Total hip arthroplasty

FE:

Finite element

CAD:

Computer-aided design

VVMS:

Volume von mises stress

SSE:

Stress shielding effect

THR:

Total hip replacement

FEM:

Finite element method

CT:

Computed tomography

FGM:

Functionally graded material

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to show their gratitude to Bajaj Fracture Clinic and Nursing Home for sharing their valuable suggestions during course of this research.

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The authors declare that this research work is not supported by any funding agency.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Kurukshetra, 136119, India

    Ravikant & Vinod Kumar Mittal

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ch. Devi Lal State Institute of Engineering & Technology, Panniwala Mota, 125077, India

    Vikas Gupta

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Ravikant, Mittal, V.K. & Gupta, V. Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Modeling of Patient-Specific Hip Implant Under Static and Dynamic Loading Condition Using Finite Element Analysis. J. Inst. Eng. India Ser. D 105, 1–20 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40033-023-00447-0

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