Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Grooves and Cross Section Effects on Energy Absorption of S-Shaped Tubes Under Axial Quasi-Static and Impact Loading

  • Review Paper
  • Published:
Journal of The Institution of Engineers (India): Series C Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In this paper, the effects of grooves and cross-sectional area on energy absorption of S-shaped tubes under axial quasi-static and impact loading have been investigated. An S-shaped tube is selected as a basic model and quasi-static loading is simulated by ABAQUS finite element code. The contact force history predicted by numerical simulation has good consistency with available experimental results. Geometric changes, including reducing cross-sectional area (Type A), increasing cross-sectional area (Type B), creating grooves at the two straight ends of the tube (Type C), and creating longitudinal grooves in the tube (Type D), are applied to the basic model, and all samples are subjected to quasi-static and impact loading. Energy absorption (EA), specific energy absorption (SEA), and initial peak force are determined for all samples and are compared with the basic model. The results show that Type A S-shaped tube significantly reduces the initial peak force under quasi-static and impact loading and increases SEA of S-shaped tube. The findings indicate a marked increase in the initial peak force experienced under both types of loading in subjects classified as Type B. In Type C, while there is no significant increase observed in the SEA, there is a reduction in the initial peak force during both quasi-static and impact loading, and in Type D, no significant change in SEA and initial peak force is observed.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14
Fig. 15
Fig. 16
Fig. 17
Fig. 18
Fig. 19
Fig. 20

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. L. Mirfendereski, M. Salimi, S. Ziaei-Rad, Parametric study and numerical analysis of empty and foam-filled thin-walled tubes under static and dynamic loadings. Int. J. Mech. Sci. 50, 1042–1057 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. P. Hernalsteen, L.C. Leblois, The use of energy absorbers to protect structures against impact loading. Nucl. Eng. Des. 37, 373–406 (1976)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Z. Ahmad, D.P. Thambiratnam, A.C.C. Tan, Dynamic energy absorption characteristics of foam-filled conical tubes under oblique impact loading. Int. J. Impact Eng. 37, 475–488 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. W. Abramowicz, Thin-walled structures as impact energy absorbers. Thin-Walled Struct. 41, 91–107 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. C.G. Karroum, S.R. Reid, S. Li, Indentation of ring-stiffened cylinders by wedge-shaped indenters—Part 1: An experimental and finite element investigation. Int. J. Mech. Sci. 49, 13–38 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. J.M. Alexander, An approximate analysis of the collapse of thin cylindrical shells under axial loading. Quart. J. Mech. Appl. Math. 13, 10–15 (1960)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  7. A. Pugsley, M. Macaulay, The large scale crumpling of thin cylindrical columns. Quart. J. Mech. Appl. Math. 13, 1–9 (1960)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  8. W. Johnson, Impact strength of materials (Edward Arnold, London, 1972)

    Google Scholar 

  9. T. Wierzbicki, W. Abramowicz, On the crushing mechanics of thin-walled structures. J. Appl. Mech. 50, 727–739 (1983)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  10. N. Jones, W. Abramowicz, Static and dynamic axial crushing of circular and square tubes. Metal Form. Impact Mech., pp 225–247 (1985).

  11. A.A. Singace, H. Elsobky, T.Y. Reddy, On the eccentricity factor in the progressive crushing of tubes. Int. J. Solids Struct. 32, 3589–3602 (1995)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. N.K. Gupta, R. Velmurugan, Consideration of internal folding and non-symmetric fold formation axisymmetric axial collapse round tubes. Int. J. Solids Struct. 34, 2611–2630 (1997)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. G.X. Lu, T.X. Yu, Energy absorption of structures and materials (Woodhead Publishing Ltd and CRC Press LLC, England, 2003)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  14. F. Mokhtarnezhad, S. Salehghaffari, M. Tajdari, Improving the crashworthiness characteristics of cylindrical tubes subjected to axial compression by cutting wide grooves from their outer surface. Int. J. Crashworthiness 14, 601–611 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. S. Salehghaffari, M. Tajdari, F. Mokhtarnezhad, The collapse of thick-walled metal tubes with wide external grooves as controllable energy-dissipating devices. J. Mech. Eng. Sci. 223, 2465–2480 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. S. Salehghaffari, M. Rais-Rohani, A. Najafi, Analysis and optimization of externally Stiffened crush tubes. Thin-Walled Struct. 49, 397–408 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. S. Salehghaffari, M. Tajdari, M. Panahi, F. Mokhtarnezhad, Attempts to improve energy absorption characteristics of circular metal tubes subjected to axial loading. Thin-Walled Struct. 48, 379–390 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. S. Feli, E. Makhsousse, S.S. Jafari, Dynamic progressive buckling of thin-wall grooved conical tubes under impact loading. Int. J. Crashworthiness 25, 220–229 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. G.M. Nagel, D.P. Thambiratnam, Dynamic simulation and energy absorption of tapered tubes under impact loading. Int. J. Crashworthiness 9, 389–399 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. X. Zhang, G. Cheng, Z. You, H. Zhang, Energy absorption of axially compressed thin-walled square tubes with patterns. Thin-Walled Struct. 45, 737–746 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. X. Zhang, H. Huh, Energy absorption of longitudinally grooved square tubes under axial compression. Thin-Walled Struct. 47, 1469–1477 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. A. Reyes, M. Langseth, O.S. Hopperstad, Crashworthiness of aluminum extrusions subjected to oblique loading: experiments and numerical analyses. Int. J. Mech. Sci. 44, 1965–1984 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. F. Tarlochan, F. Samer, A.M.S. Hamouda, S. Ramesh, K. Khalid, Design of thin wall structures for energy absorption applications: enhancement of crashworthiness due to axial and oblique impact forces. Thin-Walled Struct. 71, 7–17 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. A. Elmarakbi, Y.X. Long, J. MacIntyre, Crash analysis and energy absorption characteristics of S-shaped longitudinal members. Thin-Walled Struct. 68, 65–74 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. W. Johnson, A.G. Mamalis, Crashworthiness of vehicles (Mechanical Engineering Publications Ltd, London, 1978)

    Google Scholar 

  26. V. Beik, M. Fard, R. Jazar, Crashworthiness of tapered thin-walled S-shaped structures. Thin-Walled Struct. 102, 139–147 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. P. Hosseini-Tehrani, M. Nikahd, Effects of ribs on S-frame crashworthiness. J. Automobile Eng. 220, 1679–1689 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. H.S. Kim, T. Wierzbicki, Effect of the cross-sectional shape of hat-type cross-sections on crash resistance of an “S”-frame. Thin-Walled Struct. 39, 535–554 (2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. V.S. Nguyen, G. Wen, H. Yin, T.P. Van, Optimization design of reinforced S-shaped frame structure under axial dynamic loading. Int. J. Crashworthiness 19, 385–393 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. A. Khalkhali, A. Masoumi, A. Darvizeh, M. Jafari, A. Shiri, Experimental and numerical investigation into the quasi-static crushing behavior of the S-shape square tubes. J. Mech. 27, 585–596 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. V. Tarigopula, M. Langseth, O.S. Hopperstad, A.H. Clausen, Axial crushing of thin-walled high-strength steel sections. Int. J. Impact Eng 32, 847–882 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Funding

The authors have not disclosed any funding.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Razi University, P.O. BOX 67149-67346, Kermanshah, Iran

    Erfan Soheili & Saeed Feli

Authors
  1. Erfan Soheili
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Saeed Feli
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Saeed Feli.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors whose names are listed below certify that they have NO affiliations with or involvement in any organization or entity with any financial interest (such as honoraria; educational grants; participation in speakers’ bureaus; membership, employment, consultancies, stock ownership, or other equity interest; and expert testimony or patent-licensing arrangements), or non-financial interest (such as personal or professional relationships, affiliations, knowledge or beliefs) in the subject matter or materials discussed in this manuscript.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Soheili, E., Feli, S. Grooves and Cross Section Effects on Energy Absorption of S-Shaped Tubes Under Axial Quasi-Static and Impact Loading. J. Inst. Eng. India Ser. C 105, 215–232 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40032-023-01010-2

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40032-023-01010-2

Keywords

Search

Navigation