Abstract
The use of space division multiplexing (SDM) technology provides an additional level of freedom within the elastic optical networks (EONs). The SDM-based EONs (SDM-b-EONs) are envisioned to provision the enormous capacity needed by the future heterogeneous traffic. However, in SDM-b-EONs, a lightpath can span multiple spaces (i.e. cores, modes or fibres), which poses new challenges in regard to the network protection. Many studies have proposed novel protection schemes for SDM-b-EONs; however, no study has considered the grooming of traffic and the overlapping of spectrum in protected SDM-b-EONs. In this study, the OverlaPping of spEctrum and gRooming of trAffic (OPERA) method has been introduced which provides online protection to a SDM-b-EON simultaneously considering advantages obtained by grooming the traffic and overlapping the spectrum. The performance evaluation results demonstrate that OPERA (1) maintains acceptable crosstalk levels while ensuring an efficient use of the network and (2) ensures the desired transmission quality simultaneously minimizing the demands blocking.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
S. Iyer, S.P. Singh, Offline scheduling schemes to transfer voluminous deadline complying data in elastic optical networks, in Proceedings of IEEE NCC, IIT-H, India, February 2018, pp.1–6
M. Klinkowski, P. Lechowicz, K. Walkowiak, Survey of resource allocation schemes and algorithms in spectrally-spatially flexible optical networking. Opt. Switch. Netw. 27, 58–78 (2018)
G.M. Saridis, D. Alexandropoulos, G. Zervas, D. Simeonidou, Survey and evaluation of space division multiplexing: from technologies to optical networks. IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutorials 17(4), 2136–2156 (2015)
B. Chatterjee, N. Sarma, E. Oki, Routing and spectrum allocation in elastic optical networks: a tutorial. IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutorials 17(3), 1776–1800 (2015)
P.S. Khodashenas, J. Manuel Rivas-Moscoso, D. Siracusa, F. Pederzolli, B. Shariati, D. Klonidis, E. Salvadori, I. Tomkos, Comparison of spectral and spatial superchannel allocation schemes for SDM networks. IEEE J. Lightwave Technol. 34(11), 2710–2716 (2017)
S. Iyer, S.P. Singh, Comparison of cost, power consumption and spectrum utilization in protected fixed- and flexi-grid optical networks. IETE J. Res. 64(5), 611–619 (2018)
R. Asthana, Y. Singh, W. Grover, p-cycles: an overview. IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutorials 12(1), 97–111 (2010)
Y. Wei, K. Xu, Y. Jiang, H. Zhao, G. Shen, Optimal design for p-cycle-protected elastic optical networks. Photon. Netw. Commun. 29(3), 257–268 (2015)
A. Kodian, W. Grover, Failure-independent path-protecting p-cycles: efficient and simple fully pre-connected optimal-path protection. IEEE J. Lightwave Technol. 23, 3241–3259 (2005)
S. Iyer, Shared route based protection of space division multiplexing enabled elastic optical networks. ITES 1(2), 27–35 (2019)
X. Chen, S. Zhu, L. Jiang, Z. Zhu, On spectrum efficient failure-independent path protection p-cycle design in elastic optical networks. IEEE J. Lightwave Technol. 33(17), 3719–3729 (2015)
I. Tomkos, Y. Miyamoto, G. Wellbrock, P.J. Winzer, Guest editorial: spatially and spectrally flexible elastic optical networking. IEEE Commun. Mag. 53(2), 20–22 (2015)
M. Liu, M. Tornatore, B. Mukherjee, Survivable traffic grooming in elastic optical networks -shared protection. IEEE J. Lightwave Technol. 31(6), 6230–6234 (2013)
M.N. Dharmaweera, J. Zhao, L. Yan, M. Karlsson, E. Agrell, Traffic-grooming- and multipath-routing-enabled impairment-aware elastic optical networks. IEEE/OSA J. Opt. Commun. Netw. 8(2), 58–70 (2016)
S. Iyer, Traffic grooming with survivability and power-efficiency in software defined elastic optical networks. J. Optics 47(3), 351–365 (2018)
H. Tode, Y. Hirota, Routing, spectrum and core assignment for space division multiplexing elastic optical networks, in Proceedings of IEEE Networks, Sept. 2014, pp. 1–7
A. Muhammad, G. Zervas, D. Simeonidou, R. Forchheimer, Routing, spectrum and core allocation in flexgrid sdm networks with multicore fibers, in Proceedings of IEEE ONDM, May 2014, pp. 192–197
S. Iyer, On routing, modulation format, space and spectrum allocation with protection in space divison multiplexing based elastic optical networks. J. Inf. Telecomm. 4(1), 105–117 (2020)
S. Iyer, S.P. Singh, A Novel Protection Strategy for Elastic Optical Networks Based on Space Division Multiplexing, in Proceedings of IEEE SPCOM, IISC-Bengaluru, India, July 2018, pp. 1–5
Funding
There is no funding received for this work.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no Conflict of interest.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Iyer, S. On Efficient Design of Protected Elastic Optical Networks based on Space Division Multiplexing. J. Inst. Eng. India Ser. B 103, 549–556 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40031-021-00658-7
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40031-021-00658-7