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Analysis of Surface Sediment at Tropical Freshwater Lake Using SONAR System with Field Validation

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Abstract

Freshwater management is increasingly becoming more and more critical to human well-being and sustainable socio-economic development. Due to siltation, reservoir storage capacity is decreasing, especially in tropical areas where the monsoon season is concentrated in the first 3 months of the year requiring continuous desiltation efforts. The desiltation efforts require precise knowledge of the sediment type and the siltation pattern. An acoustic means for sediment classification have a distinct advantage over the popular remote sensing techniques due to inherent accuracy and all weather availability. The analysis of surface sediment and deep layer sediment is essential for the selection of appropriate dredging instruments. Therefore, the objective of the current work is to perform the sediment analysis of the Khadakwasla Lake using acoustic approach which serves as guidance for decision-makers for de-siltation planning. Hence, in the present study, the surface sediment characterisation in Khadakwasla Lake situated at Pune, Maharashtra, India has been performed and it is validated with energy and central frequency shift models. An experiment uses in this study is Edge-Tech SB216S sub-bottom profiler for data collection. The surface sediment reflection coefficients obtained from the energy model are in the range from 0.06 to 0.18, indicating the presence of clay, clay silt and silty clay. The center frequency shift attribute used in the relaxation time model proved to be more reliable for deep layer sediment morphology. The results showed that the center frequency shift is up to 25 Hz, indicating that the survey region is crowded with clay, fine to coarse silt. This study is first of its kind in Maharashtra, India which will help desiltation efforts in tropical lakes.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank to the Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune and Maritime Research Center, Pune for providing the financial assistance towards the completion of the research work reported in this paper.

Funding

The research work reported in this article was financially supported by Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune under Board of College and University Development scheme, during the year 2016–2018 and Maritime Research Center, Pune. Title of Research Project: Side Scan Sonar Image Analysis: An Application to Underwater Sediment Classification. Proposal Number: 15 ENG 001837.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, VPKBIET, Baramati, Maharashtra, India

    Jyoti Rangole

  2. Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, MKSSS, Cummins College of Engineering for Women, Pune, Maharashtra, India

    Supriya Mangle

  3. Department of Civil Engineering, VPKBIET, Baramati, Maharashtra, India

    Samadhan G. Morkhade

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  1. Jyoti Rangole
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  2. Supriya Mangle
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  3. Samadhan G. Morkhade
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Correspondence to Samadhan G. Morkhade.

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Rangole, J., Mangle, S. & Morkhade, S.G. Analysis of Surface Sediment at Tropical Freshwater Lake Using SONAR System with Field Validation. J. Inst. Eng. India Ser. A 104, 971–981 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40030-023-00752-7

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