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Neurotoxicity of Traditional Plant-Based Veterinary Medicine: Current Status and Challenges

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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section B: Biological Sciences Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Plant-based medicines are employed for therapeutic, preventative, or diagnostic purposes in the animal health care sector. Phytotherapy is used to treat numerous conditions, including toxicity, digestive problems, foot and mouth disease, dermatitis, burning, abdominal pains, respiratory distress, mange, bone fractures, and skin diseases. Plant-based medicines are thought to be more affordable, non-toxic, and secure than allopathic medications due to their natural origin. However, there are evidences of the harmful effects of phytomedicines on humans. It is associated with a number of neurologic side effects, like cerebrovascular accidents, convulsions, encephalopathy, hallucinations, and insanity. Acacia nilotica, Erythroxylum spp., Bambusa vulgaris, and other medicinal plants are reported to be neurotoxic to different animal species, such as cattle, goats, sheep, horses, and dogs. Adulteration, environmental pollutants, microorganism contamination, and plant parts or metabolites with a poisonous propensity are some of the factors influencing the toxicity of herbal medicine products. Therefore, accurate evaluation and toxicity assessment of plant-based medicines must be done in order to guarantee safety. In vitro methods, in vivo evaluation using vertebrate and invertebrate animal models, DNA sequencing, and the application of metabolomics may serve as important tools for assessing the quality and safety of phytomedicines. Additionally, available pharmacopoeias should include monographs for plants and plant components specifically utilized for animals in order to uphold the standard of traditional veterinary medicine.

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Acknowledgements

All the authors of the manuscript thank and acknowledge their respective institutes.

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No funding was received to assist with the preparation of this manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. ICMR-National Animal Resource Facility for Biomedical Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India, 500101

    R. Kumar Pramod, R. Barathidasan & S. Anbazhagan

  2. ICMR-National Institute of Pathology, New Delhi, 110029, India

    Vandana Yadav

  3. Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana, 121001, India

    Bhisma Narayan Panda

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  1. R. Kumar Pramod
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  2. Vandana Yadav
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  3. R. Barathidasan
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  4. S. Anbazhagan
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Correspondence to R. Kumar Pramod.

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Significance statement Plant-based medicines have been used for centuries in many parts of the world for the treatment of animal diseases. But recent studies have shown that many phytomedicines cause toxicity in animals. This review discusses the neurotoxicity of some plants used in the veterinary sector and how to deal with it.

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Pramod, R.K., Yadav, V., Barathidasan, R. et al. Neurotoxicity of Traditional Plant-Based Veterinary Medicine: Current Status and Challenges. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., India, Sect. B Biol. Sci. (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40011-024-01568-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40011-024-01568-6

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