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Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrophotoscopy and Anti-lipidemic Somatic Effect of n-Hexane Leaf Extract of Jatropha gossypiifolia L. in Rats

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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section B: Biological Sciences Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Jatropha gossypiifolia L. is a medicinal shrub with fat lowering effect, antimalarial, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and insecticidal activities. This study screened the Fourier transform infrared spectrophotoscopy (FTIR) and fat lowering effect of J. gossypiifolia leaf n-hexane extract in rats. Fourier transform infrared spectrophotoscopy was analyzed using standard protocol. Jatropha gossypiifolia leaf was prepared into n-hexane extract. The fat lowering effect was investigated using thirty adult Wistar rats with six experimental groups (n = 5). The rats were orally administered with 2 ml/kg of 20 g Blue Band Butter in 100 ml of Kings Oilfor 21 days to induce hyperlipidemia, afterward graded doses of (30, 50, 100 mg/kg) of J. gossypiifolia leaf n-hexane extract, 10 mg/kg of Atorvastatin, 2 ml/kg of fat diet (negative) and normal control for 14 days. The rats were killed in a mild chloroform anesthetic and blood and organs samples were isolated and prepared for lipid profile, and histopathological study. The results of the FTIR analysis exhibit the presence of OH, C=O, and R2C=O functional groups, which could be responsible for the therapeutic properties present in the secondary metabolites of the plant. The results obtained from the anti-hyperlipidaemia activity of J. gossypiifolia leaf n-hexane extract elicited a significant reduction in graded doses of the extracted cholesterol level at (73.58; 71.53 and 70.38 mg/dl), triglyceride at (212.3; 205.3 and 214.7 mg/dl), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) at (11.5; 11.0 and 11.01 mg/dl), very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) at (28.19; 26.46 and 28.62) with a significant increase in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) at (14.54; 15.72 and 15.19) when compared with hyperlipidemia control (89.19 mg/dl cholesterol; 263.8 mg/dl triglyceride; 34.16 mg/dl LDL; 81.09 mg/dl VLDL and 11.68 mg/dl HDL). The histopathological study showed no damaging architectural variation in the hepatic, cardiac, and aortic cells of the tested groups when compared with the untreated control. In conclusion, the functional groups present in J. gossypiifolia leaf extract may be tied to its fat lowering effect, hence required further studies for compound isolation and elucidation.

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Acknowledgements

We truly appreciate Mrs. Queen Okoro and Dr. Kelvin Odega of the Department of Morbid Anatomy, University of Benin Teaching Hospital for the preparation and interpretation of the slide. Dr. Agu in the Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Benin.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Benin, PMB 1154, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria

    Benjamin Ogunma Gabriel & MacDonald Idu

  2. Department of Science Laboratory Technology, University of Benin, PMB 1154, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria

    Benjamin Ogunma Gabriel

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  1. Benjamin Ogunma Gabriel
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  2. MacDonald Idu
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Contributions

MI; conceptualization, supervision, project administration previewing of manuscript. EOH: carried out the study under the supervision of Prof. MI and Dr. GOB. GOB; methodology, investigation, writing original draft and editing.

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Correspondence to Benjamin Ogunma Gabriel.

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All procedures using animals obtained the approval of the Life Sciences Institutional Animal Ethical Committee, University of Benin with LS21195 ethical number.

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Gabriel, B.O., Idu, M. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrophotoscopy and Anti-lipidemic Somatic Effect of n-Hexane Leaf Extract of Jatropha gossypiifolia L. in Rats. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., India, Sect. B Biol. Sci. (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40011-024-01563-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40011-024-01563-x

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