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Assessment of Agro-morphological Performances of 56 Accessions of Pennisetum glaucum with Grain and Fodder Potentials in Niger

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Abstract

Morphological characterization is the first step in studying the genetic diversity of cultivated plants. The present study examined agro-morphological performance of the pearl millet local accessions collected across the Niger country, aimed to: (a) characterize, (b) discriminate morphologically the pearl millet accessions groups and (c) identify the pearl millet genotypes with promising grain and fodder potential. Fifty-six pearl millet accessions collected in the eight Niger regions (Agadez, Diffa, Dosso, Niamey, Tahoua, Tillabéry and Zinder) were evaluated in an Alpha lattice design with 3 replicates in Djirataoua and Kollo localities. Twenty-five specific agro-morphological descriptors were used for this purpose. The data set was submitted to descriptive analyses and indicated wide significant accessions diversity. Hierarchical cluster analysis revealed 5 phenotypic groups, and principal component analysis showed 3 components representing 60.45% of total variability. Canonical discriminant analysis indicated 20 major traits of the discriminated phenotypic groups. Group G1 holds early accessions, with average performances in grain production and low performances in biomass production. Group G2 holds early accessions, with good performances for grain production and fodder biomass. Group G3 holds early–late accessions with good grain performances and low fodder performances. G4 holds both early and late accessions with good fodder performance and good grain performance. Finally, G5 includes both late accessions with better fodder performances and bad grain performances. These groups can be used as parents in the creation of improved varieties for better grain and fodder production performance. Otherwise, Djirataoua would be ideal for the tested accessions to express their agro-morphological potentials.

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Acknowledgements

The West African Agricultural Productivity Programme (WAAPP/Niger; the Award number PPAAO/WAAPP-1C, Crédit 4877 NE) had funded this work. Regional Centre for Agricultural Research, CERRA-Kollo, CERRA-Maradi and the Laboratory of Applied Ecology (FSA-UAC) provided technical support for conducting the experimental trials.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. National Institute of Agronomic Research of Niger, BP 429, Niamey, Niger

    Hamadou Moussa, Oumarou Souleymane, Idrissa Soumana, Salissou Issa, Ahmadou Issaka & Kassari Ango Issoufou

  2. Laboratory of Applied Ecology, Faculty of Agronomic Sciences, University of Abomey-Calavi, 01 BP 526, Calavi, Benin

    Hamadou Moussa, Valentin Kindomihou, Thierry D. Houehanou, Marcel Houinato & Brice Sinsin

  3. Laboratory of Ecology, Botany and Plant Biology, Faculty of Agronomy, University of Parakou, 03 BP 125, Parakou, Benin

    Thierry D. Houehanou

  4. Laboratory of Biomathematics and Forest Estimations, Faculty of Agronomic Sciences, University of Abomey-Calavi, Calavi, Benin

    Thierry D. Houehanou

  5. Department of Animal Productions, Faculty of Agronomy, Abdou Moumouni University of Niamey, BP 10960, Niamey, Niger

    Mahamadou Chaibou

  6. Laboratory of Bioengineering of Food Processes, Faculty of Agronomic Sciences, University of Abomey-Calavi, Calavi, Benin

    Joseph Dossou

  7. Laboratory of Poultry and Zoo-Economy Research, Faculty of Agronomic Sciences, University of Abomey-Calavi, Calavi, Benin

    Frédéric Houndonougbo

  8. Laboratory of Animal Technology, Faculty of Agronomic Sciences, University of Abomey-Calavi, Calavi, Benin

    Sévérin Babatoundé

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  1. Hamadou Moussa
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  2. Valentin Kindomihou
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Significance Statement Pearl millet is the main food cereal in Niger Republic. However, increasingly, after the grain harvest, the straw from pearl millet is collected to make up for the chronic forage deficit. However, straw is supposed to remain in the fields to improve fertility and prevent soil erosion. This agro-morphological characterization study of pearl millet accessions will eventually help farmers identify and select pearl millet varieties that are better adapted to their production objectives (grain and/or fodder).

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Moussa, H., Kindomihou, V., Houehanou, T.D. et al. Assessment of Agro-morphological Performances of 56 Accessions of Pennisetum glaucum with Grain and Fodder Potentials in Niger. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., India, Sect. B Biol. Sci. 90, 1129–1144 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40011-020-01183-1

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