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On 3D Printing of PVDF Composite- Based Sensors for Biomedical Applications

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Abstract

Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) composites are commercially used in numerous engineering applications due to their exceptional sensing capabilities. But less has been testified to using such sensors for monitoring bone healing as a typical internet of bodies (IoB) solution. In this study, PVDF composite comprising of 90%PVDF-8% hydroxyapatite (Hap) − 2% chitosan (CS) having melt flow index (MFI) 1.224 g/(10 min), Young's modulus (E) 889 MPa, modulus of toughness (MoT) 2 MPa was 3D printed by fused filament fabrication (FFF) for possible sensing applications in veterinary patients (VP) after implantation. The PVDF composite sensor was tuned for a resonant frequency (RF) of 2.45 GHz as a typical IoB-based solution for the health monitoring of VP. The acceptable return loss (S11) was found to be − 22.12 dB for PVDF composite-based sensors. Also, the specific absorption rate (SAR) of 0.188 W/kg for the proposed sensors aligns with the medical standard.

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References

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Acknowledgements

The authors acknowledge the research support provided by the National Institute of Technical Teachers Training and Research Chandigarh, and Prof. Ashwani Kumar from Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University Ludhiana.

Funding

The authors are thankful to the Department of Science and Technology for funding under FIST Level-0, Project No. SR/FST/College-/2020/997.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technical Teachers Training and Research, Chandigarh, 160019, India

    Minhaz Husain, Rupinder Singh & B. S. Pabla

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  1. Minhaz Husain
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  2. Rupinder Singh
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  3. B. S. Pabla
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Correspondence to Rupinder Singh.

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Significance Statement: In this study, PVDF composite sensor was tuned for a resonant frequency (RF) of 2.45 GHz as a typical IoB-based solution for the health monitoring of VP.

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Husain, M., Singh, R. & Pabla, B.S. On 3D Printing of PVDF Composite- Based Sensors for Biomedical Applications. Natl. Acad. Sci. Lett. 47, 147–152 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40009-023-01312-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40009-023-01312-0

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