Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Nutrient Profile of Small Indigenous Fish Puntius sophore: Proximate Composition, Amino Acid, Fatty Acid and Micronutrient Profiles

  • Research Article
  • Published:
National Academy Science Letters Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The small indigenous fishes (SIFs) are known to be micronutrient rich and they are also cheap sources of quality animal proteins. The genus Puntius comprises of about 134 very beautiful species, out of which Puntius sophore is an important species. Although certain aspects of nutrient composition of some members of this genus are available in literature, comprehensive nutrient profile is not available. In the present study, we report the nutrient profile of P. sophore, collected from ponds and wetlands in and around Kolkata, West Bengal. The proximate composition analysis showed that the fish is rich in proteins and minerals. The amino acid profiles showed that the level of essential amino acid histidine (22.94 ± 0.01 %) is very high among all the amino acids. Although this fish contains low amount of fat (5 %), the fatty acid profile showed that the fish is rich in unsaturated fatty acid out of which oleic acid (28.63 ± 0.02 %) is the most abundant one and a fair amount of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid are also present. The mineral profiles showed that among the macro minerals, calcium is the most abundant one (9,748.2 ± 23.96 mg kg−1), followed by potassium (2,283.7 ± 12.75 mg kg−1) and sodium (1,610 ± 22.34 mg kg−1). It was also found that P. sophore is a rich source of micro minerals Fe (115.0 ± 8.81 mg kg−1), Zn (51.1 ± 10.15 mg kg−1) and Mn (11.2 ± 2.09 mg kg−1). Vitamin profiles showed that it is rich in all the fat soluble vitamins (A, D, E and K) and out of these vitamin E (30,685.8 μg kg−1) is the most abundant one.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Mohanty BP (2010) Fish as Health Food. In: Ayyappan S, Moza U, Meenakumari B, Jena JK, Pandey AK (eds) Hand book of fisheries and aquaculture, vol 2. ICAR-DKMA, New Delhi, pp 843–861

    Google Scholar 

  2. Lakra WS, Sarkar UK, Gopalakrishnan A, Kathirvelpandian A (2010) Threatened Freshwater Fishes of India. NBFGR (ICAR), Lucknow

  3. Kongsbak K, Thilsted SH, Wahed MA (2008) Effect of consumption of the nutrient-dense, freshwater small fish Amblypharyngodon mola on biochemical indicators of vitamin A status in Bangladeshi children: a randomized, controlled study of efficacy. Br J Nutr 99:581–597

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Gopakumar K (1997) Biochemical composition of Indian food fish. Central Institute of Fisheries Technology (ICAR), Cochin, p 28

    Google Scholar 

  5. Mazumder MSA, Rahman MM, Ahmed ATA, Begum M, Hossain MA (2008) Proximate composition of some small indigenous fish species (SIS) in Bangladesh. Int J Sustain Crop Prod 3(4):18–23

    Google Scholar 

  6. Mohanty BP, Behera BK, Sharma AP (2011) Nutritional significance of small indigenous fishes in human health. Bulletin No 162. CIFRI, Barrackpore. http://www.cifri.ernet.in/162.pdf

  7. AOAC (2000) Official method of analysis, 17th edn. Association of official Analytical Chemists, Gaithersburg

    Google Scholar 

  8. AOAC (1995) Official method of analysis of AOAC international, 16th edn. Association of official Analytical Chemists, Washington, DC

    Google Scholar 

  9. Ishida Y, Fujita T, Arai K (1981) New detection and separation methods for amino acid by high performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr 204:143–148

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Mohanty BP, Paria P, Das D, Ganguly S, Mitra P, Verma A, Sahoo S, Mahanty A, Aftabuddin M, Behera BK, Shankar TV, Sharma AP (2012) Nutrient profile of giant river catfish Sperata seenghala (Sykes). Natl Acad Sci Lett 35(3):155–161

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Sastry CSP, Tammuru MK (1985) Spectrophotometric determination of tryptophan in protein. J Food Sci Technol 22:146–147

    Google Scholar 

  12. Folch J, Lees M, Sloane-Stanley GH (1957) A simple method for the isolation and purification of total lipids from animal tissues. J Biol Chem 226:497–509

    Google Scholar 

  13. Metcalfe LD, Schmitz AA, Petha JR (1966) Rapid preparation of fatty acid esters from lipids for gas chromatography analysis. Anal Chem 38(3):514

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Chatzimichalakis PM, Samanidou VF, Papadoyannis JN (2004) Development of validated liquid chromatography method for the simultaneous determination of eight fat-soluble vitamins in biological fluids after solid-phase extraction. J Chromatogr B 805:289–296

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Sharma P, Kumar V, Sinha AK, Ranjan J, Kithsiri HMP, Venkateshwarlu G (2009) Comparative fatty acid profiles of wild and farmed tropical freshwater fish rohu (Labeo rohita). Fish Physiol Biochem 36:411–417

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Memon NN, Talpur FN, Bhanger MI (2001) A composition of proximate composition and fatty acid profile of Indus river fish species. Int J Food Prop 13:328–337

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Witte MB, Thornton FJ, Tantry U, Barbul A (2002) l-Arginine supplementation enhances diabetic wound healing: involvement of the nitric oxide synthase and arginase pathway. Metabolism 51(10):1269–1273

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Mohanty SN, Kaushik SJ (1991) Whole body amino acid composition of Indian major carps and its significance. Aquatic Living Res 4:61–64

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Artemis P, Simopoulos MD (2002) Omega-3 fatty acids in inflammation and autoimmune disease. J Am Coll Nutr 21:495–505

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Shahidi F, Miraliakbari H (2004) Omega-3 (n = 3) fatty acid in health and disease: part1-cardiovascular disease and cancer. J Med Food 7:387–401

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Davis BC, Kris-Etherton PM (2003) Achieving optimal essential fatty acid status in vegetarians: current knowledge and practical implication. Am J Clin Nutr 78(suppl):640S–646S

    Google Scholar 

  22. Johnson EJ, Schaefer EJ (2006) Potential role of dietary n-3 fatty acids in the prevention of dementia and macular degeneration. Am J Clin Nutr 83(suppl):1494S–1498S

    Google Scholar 

  23. Njoroge SW, Laposata M, Katrangi W, Seegmiller AC (2012) DHA and EPA reverse cystic fibrosis-related FA abnormalities by suppressing FA desaturase expression and activity. J Lipid Res 53:257–265

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Hung KNG, Meyer BJ, Reece L, Sinn N (2009) Dietary PUFA intakes in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms. Br J Nutr 102:1635–1641

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Conner WE (1997) The beneficial effects of omega-3 fatty acids: cardiovascular disease and neurodevelopment. Curr Opin Lipidol 8:1–3

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Ruxton CHS, Reed SC, Simposon JA, Millington KJ (2007) The health benefits of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid. J Hum Nutr Diet 20(3):275–285

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Roos N, Islam MM, Thilsted SH (2003) Small fish is an important dietary source of vitamin A and calcium in rural Bangladesh. J Nutr 53:425–437

    Google Scholar 

  28. Hansen M, Thilsted SH, Sandstrom B, Kongsbak K, Larsen T, Jensen M, Soerensen SS (1998) Calcium absorption from small soft-boned fish. J Trace Elem Med Biol 12:148–154

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Tulchinsky TH, Varavikova EA (2009) Nutrition and food safety (2nd Ed.). The new public health. Elsevier Academic Press, San Diego, p 310

    Google Scholar 

  30. Gulfraz M, Ahmad T, Afal H (2001) Concentration levels of heavy and trace metals in the fish and relevant water from Rawal and Mangla lakes. Online J Biol Sci 1:414–416

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Anonymous 2011. 3rd Annual Review Report. Outreach Activity #3 Consortium: Nutrient profiling and evaluation of fish as a dietary component, Fisheries Division, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi

  32. Ferland G (1998) The vitamin K dependent proteins: an update. Nutr Rev 56:223–230

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Holick MF (2007) Vitamin D deficiency. N Engl J Med 357:266–281

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Ganji V, Milone C, Cody MM, McCarty F, Wang YT (2010) Serum vitamin D concentrations are related to depression in young adult US population: the third national health & nutrition survey. Int Arc Med 3:29

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This work was supported by Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Fisheries Division under Outreach Activity (#3) on Nutrient Profiling and Evaluation of fish as a Dietary Component. The authors are thankful to Dr. B. A. Patro, Dr. G. W. Joshi and Shri R K Jha, M/s ThermoFisher Scientific, Powai, Mumbai for the ICP-MS facility for the mineral analysis. Authors (AM, SG, PP, AV, SS, PM) are thankful to the ICAR for the research fellowship.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Biochemistry Laboratory, ICAR – Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata, 700120, India

    Arabinda Mahanty, Satabdi Ganguly, Anjali Verma, Shilpa Sahoo, Priyanka Mitra, Prasenjit Paria, Anil Prakash Sharma & Bimal Prasanna Mohanty

  2. ICAR – Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Regional Centre Allahabad, 24 Panna Lal Road, Allahabad, 211002, India

    Brijesh Kumar Singh

Authors
  1. Arabinda Mahanty
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Satabdi Ganguly
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Anjali Verma
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Shilpa Sahoo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Priyanka Mitra
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Prasenjit Paria
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Anil Prakash Sharma
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Brijesh Kumar Singh
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  9. Bimal Prasanna Mohanty
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Bimal Prasanna Mohanty.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Mahanty, A., Ganguly, S., Verma, A. et al. Nutrient Profile of Small Indigenous Fish Puntius sophore: Proximate Composition, Amino Acid, Fatty Acid and Micronutrient Profiles. Natl. Acad. Sci. Lett. 37, 39–44 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40009-013-0186-3

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40009-013-0186-3

Keywords

Search

Navigation